6K + 4H2SO4 → 3K2SO4 + S + 4H2O
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- Reaction of and sulfuric acid
The reaction of and sulfuric acid yields potassium sulfate, , and water (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:
Table of contents
Reaction data
Chemical equation
- Reaction of and sulfuric acid
General equation
- Reaction of reducing species and reducible species
- Reducing speciesReducing agent + Reducible speciesOxidizing agent ⟶ ProductOxidation product + ProductReduction product
Oxidation state of each atom
- Reaction of and sulfuric acid
Reactants
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6 | Reducing | Reducing | ||
| H2SO4 | Sulfuric acid | 4 | Oxidizing | Reducible |
Products
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| K2SO4 | Potassium sulfate | 3 | Oxidized | – |
| 1 | Reduced | – | ||
| H2O | Water | 4 | – | – |
Thermodynamic changes
Changes in standard condition (1)
- Reaction of and sulfuric acid◆
ΔrG −2152.61 kJ/mol K 1.32 × 10377 pK −377.12
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | −2200.73 | −2152.61 | −174.58 | −14.94 |
| −366.788 | −358.768 | −29.097 | −2.490 | |
per 1 mol of | −550.183 | −538.153 | −43.645 | −3.735 |
per 1 mol of | −733.577 | −717.537 | −58.193 | −4.980 |
| −2200.73 | −2152.61 | −174.58 | −14.94 | |
per 1 mol of | −550.183 | −538.153 | −43.645 | −3.735 |
Changes in standard condition (2)
- Reaction of and sulfuric acid
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | −2200.40 | – | – | – |
| −366.733 | – | – | – | |
per 1 mol of | −550.100 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −733.467 | – | – | – |
| −2200.40 | – | – | – | |
per 1 mol of | −550.100 | – | – | – |
Changes in aqueous solution
- Reaction of and sulfuric acid◆
ΔrG −1903.61 kJ/mol K 3.15 × 10333 pK −333.50
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | −1748.30 | −1903.61 | 521.3 | 565 |
| −291.383 | −317.268 | 86.88 | 94.2 | |
per 1 mol of | −437.075 | −475.902 | 130.3 | 141 |
per 1 mol of | −582.767 | −634.537 | 173.8 | 188 |
| −1748.30 | −1903.61 | 521.3 | 565 | |
per 1 mol of | −437.075 | −475.902 | 130.3 | 141 |
Thermodynamic data of reactants
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (cr) | 0[1] | 0[1] | 64.18[1] | 29.58[1] |
| (g) | 89.24[1] | 60.59[1] | 160.336[1] | 20.786[1] |
| H2SO4 (cr) | – | – | – | – |
| H2SO4 (l) | -813.989[1] | -690.003[1] | 156.904[1] | 138.91[1] |
| H2SO4 (ai) | -909.27[1] | -744.53[1] | 20.1[1] | -293[1] |
| H2SO4 (l) 1 hydrate | -1127.621[1] | -950.383[1] | 211.54[1] | 214.85[1] |
| H2SO4 (l) 2 hydrate | -1427.100[1] | -1199.650[1] | 276.40[1] | 260.83[1] |
| H2SO4 (l) 3 hydrate | -1720.402[1] | -1443.980[1] | 345.39[1] | 318.95[1] |
| H2SO4 (l) 4 hydrate | -2011.199[1] | -1685.863[1] | 414.59[1] | 382.21[1] |
| H2SO4 (l) 6.5 hydrate | -2733.256[1] | -2285.734[1] | 587.89[1] | 570.28[1] |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (g):Gas, (l):Liquid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution
Thermodynamic data of products
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| K2SO4 (cr) | -1437.79[1] | -1321.37[1] | 175.56[1] | 131.46[1] |
| K2SO4 (g) | -1096[1] | -1033[1] | 364[1] | 108.8[1] |
| K2SO4 (ai) | -1414.02[1] | -1311.07[1] | 225.1[1] | -251[1] |
| (cr) rhombic | 0[1] | 0[1] | 31.80[1] | 22.64[1] |
| (cr) monoclinic | 0.33[1] | – | – | – |
| (g) | 278.805[1] | 238.250[1] | 167.821[1] | 23.673[1] |
| H2O (cr) | – | – | – | – |
| H2O (l) | -285.830[1] | -237.129[1] | 69.91[1] | 75.291[1] |
| H2O (g) | -241.818[1] | -228.572[1] | 188.825[1] | 33.577[1] |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (g):Gas, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (l):Liquid
References
List of references
- 1Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- ^ ΔfH°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 64.18 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 29.58 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 89.24 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 60.59 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 160.336 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 20.786 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -813.989 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -690.003 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 156.904 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 138.91 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -909.27 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -744.53 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 20.1 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, -293. J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1127.621 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -950.383 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 211.54 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 214.85 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1427.100 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -1199.650 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 276.40 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 260.83 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1720.402 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -1443.980 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 345.39 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 318.95 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -2011.199 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -1685.863 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 414.59 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 382.21 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -2733.256 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -2285.734 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 587.89 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 570.28 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1437.79 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -1321.37 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 175.56 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 131.46 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1096. kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -1033. kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 364. J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 108.8 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1414.02 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -1311.07 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 225.1 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, -251. J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 31.80 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 22.64 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 0.33 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 278.805 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 238.250 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 167.821 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 23.673 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -285.830 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -237.129 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 69.91 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 75.291 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -241.818 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -228.572 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 188.825 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 33.577 J · K−1 · mol−1