6[Au(OH)4]− + 36e− → 4Au + Au2O3 + 21O2− + 12H2
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- Reduction of tetrahydroxidoaurate(III) ion
- 6[Au(OH)4]−Tetrahydroxidoaurate(III) ion + 36e−Electron4 + Au2O3Gold(III) oxide + 21O2−Oxide ion + 12⟶
Reduction of tetrahydroxidoaurate(III) ion yields , gold(III) oxide, oxide ion, and (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:
Table of contents
Reaction data
Chemical equation
- Reduction of tetrahydroxidoaurate(III) ion
- 6[Au(OH)4]−Tetrahydroxidoaurate(III) ion + 36e−Electron4 + Au2O3Gold(III) oxide + 21O2−Oxide ion + 12⟶
General equation
- Reduction of reducible species
- ReactantOxidizing agent + e− ⟶ ProductReduction product
Oxidation state of each atom
- Reduction of tetrahydroxidoaurate(III) ion
Reactants
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| [Au(OH)4]− | Tetrahydroxidoaurate(III) ion | 6 | Oxidizing | – |
| e− | Electron | 36 | – | Electron |
Products
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4 | Reduced | – | ||
| Au2O3 | Gold(III) oxide | 1 | – | – |
| O2− | Oxide ion | 21 | – | – |
| 12 | Reduced | – |
Thermodynamic changes
Thermodynamic data of reactants
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| [Au(OH)4]− | – | – | – | – |
| e− | – | – | – | – |
Thermodynamic data of products
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (cr) | 0[1] | 0[1] | 47.40[1] | 25.418[1] |
| (g) | 366.1[1] | 326.3[1] | 180.503[1] | 20.786[1] |
| Au2O3 | – | – | – | – |
| O2− | – | – | – | – |
| (g) | 0[1] | 0[1] | 130.684[1] | 28.824[1] |
| (ao) | -4.2[1] | 17.6[1] | 577[1] | – |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (g):Gas, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution
References
List of references
- 1Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- ^ ΔfH°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 47.40 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 25.418 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 366.1 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 326.3 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 180.503 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 20.786 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 130.684 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 28.824 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -4.2 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 17.6 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 577 J · K−1 · mol−1