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7KI + 3Ca(ClO4)2 + 3H2O → 7KIO3 + 3Cl2↑ + 3Ca(OH)2

The reaction of potassium iodide, calcium perchlorate, and water yields potassium iodate, chlorine, and calcium hydroxide (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:

Table of contents
  1. 1Reaction data
  2. 2Thermodynamic changes
  3. 3References
  4. 4Related reactions
  5. 5Related categories

Reaction data

Chemical equation

General equation

Reaction of oxidizable species and oxidizing species under neutral condition
Oxidizable speciesReducing agent + Oxidizing speciesOxidizing agent + H2ONon-redox agent
ProductOxidation product + ProductReduction product

Oxidation state of each atom

Reaction of potassium iodide and calcium perchlorate under neutral condition

Reactants

Chemical formulaNameCoefficientTypeType in general
equation
KIPotassium iodide7
Reducing
Oxidizable
Ca(ClO4)2Calcium perchlorate3
Oxidizing
Oxidizing
H2OWater3
Water

Products

Chemical formulaNameCoefficientTypeType in general
equation
KIO3Potassium iodate7
Oxidized
Cl2Chlorine3
Reduced
Ca(OH)2Calcium hydroxide3

Thermodynamic changes

Changes in standard condition

Reaction of potassium iodide and calcium perchlorate under neutral condition
7KICrystalline solid + 3Ca(ClO4)2Crystalline solid + 3H2OLiquid
7KIO3Crystalline solid + 3Cl2Gas + 3Ca(OH)2Crystalline solid
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ΔrH°
kJ · mol−1
Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ΔrG°
kJ · mol−1
Standard entropy
of reaction
ΔrS°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ΔrCp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
per 1 mol of
Equation
−1104.79
per 1 mol of
−157.827
−368.263
per 1 mol of
−368.263
per 1 mol of
−157.827
per 1 mol of
−368.263
per 1 mol of
−368.263

Changes in aqueous solution (1)

Reaction of potassium iodide and calcium perchlorate under neutral condition
ΔrG−806.7 kJ/mol
K2.13 × 10141
pK−141.33
7KIIonized aqueous solution + 3Ca(ClO4)2Ionized aqueous solution + 3H2OLiquid
7KIO3Ionized aqueous solution + 3Cl2Gas + 3Ca(OH)2Crystalline solid
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ΔrH°
kJ · mol−1
Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ΔrG°
kJ · mol−1
Standard entropy
of reaction
ΔrS°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ΔrCp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
per 1 mol of
Equation
−858.5−806.7−173.4
per 1 mol of
−122.6−115.2−24.77
−286.2−268.9−57.80
per 1 mol of
−286.2−268.9−57.80
per 1 mol of
−122.6−115.2−24.77
per 1 mol of
−286.2−268.9−57.80
per 1 mol of
−286.2−268.9−57.80

Changes in aqueous solution (2)

Reaction of potassium iodide and calcium perchlorate under neutral condition
ΔrG−785.9 kJ/mol
K4.83 × 10137
pK−137.68
7KIIonized aqueous solution + 3Ca(ClO4)2Ionized aqueous solution + 3H2OLiquid
7KIO3Ionized aqueous solution + 3Cl2Un-ionized aqueous solution + 3Ca(OH)2Crystalline solid
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ΔrH°
kJ · mol−1
Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ΔrG°
kJ · mol−1
Standard entropy
of reaction
ΔrS°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ΔrCp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
per 1 mol of
Equation
−928.7−785.9−480
per 1 mol of
−132.7−112.3−68.6
−309.6−262.0−160
per 1 mol of
−309.6−262.0−160
per 1 mol of
−132.7−112.3−68.6
per 1 mol of
−309.6−262.0−160
per 1 mol of
−309.6−262.0−160

Thermodynamic data of reactants

Chemical formulaStandard enthalpy
of formation
ΔfH°
kJ · mol−1
Standard Gibbs
energy of
formation
ΔfG°
kJ · mol−1
Standard
molar entropy
S°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Standard molar
heat capacity at
constant pressure
Cp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
KI (cr)-327.900[1]-324.892[1]106.32[1]52.93[1]
KI (g)-125.5[1]-166.1[1]258.3[1]37.11[1]
KI (ai)-307.57[1]-334.85[1]213.8[1]-120.5[1]
Ca(ClO4)2 (cr)-736.76[1]
Ca(ClO4)2 (ai)-801.49[1]-570.62[1]310.9[1]
Ca(ClO4)2 (cr)
4 hydrate
-1948.9[1]-1476.47[1]433.5[1]
H2O (cr)
H2O (l)-285.830[1]-237.129[1]69.91[1]75.291[1]
H2O (g)-241.818[1]-228.572[1]188.825[1]33.577[1]
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (g):Gas, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (l):Liquid

Thermodynamic data of products

Chemical formulaStandard enthalpy
of formation
ΔfH°
kJ · mol−1
Standard Gibbs
energy of
formation
ΔfG°
kJ · mol−1
Standard
molar entropy
S°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Standard molar
heat capacity at
constant pressure
Cp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
KIO3 (cr)-501.37[1]-418.35[1]151.46[1]106.48[1]
KIO3 (ai)-473.6[1]-411.2[1]220.9[1]
Cl2 (g)0[1]0[1]223.066[1]33.907[1]
Cl2 (ao)-23.4[1]6.94[1]121[1]
Ca(OH)2 (cr)-986.09[1]-898.49[1]83.39[1]87.49[1]
Ca(OH)2 (g)-544[1]
Ca(OH)2 (ai)-1002.82[1]-868.07[1]-74.5[1]
Ca(OH)2 (cr)
2 hydrate
-1218.4[1]
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (g):Gas, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution

References

List of references

  1. 1
    Janiel J. Reed (1989)
    The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI Units
    National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)