8CoCl2 + 16KMnO4 + 24H+ → 8Co3+ + 5KClO4 + 16MnO2 + 11KCl + 12H2O
Last updated:
- Reaction of cobalt(II) chloride and potassium permanganate under acidic condition
- 8CoCl2Cobalt(II) chloride + 16KMnO4Potassium permanganate + 24H+Hydrogen ion8Co3+Cobalt(III) ion + 5KClO4Potassium perchlorate + 16MnO2Manganese(IV) oxide + 11KClPotassium chloride + 12H2OWater⟶
The reaction of cobalt(II) chloride, potassium permanganate, and hydrogen ion yields cobalt(III) ion, potassium perchlorate, manganese(IV) oxide, potassium chloride, and water (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:
Table of contents
Reaction data
Chemical equation
- Reaction of cobalt(II) chloride and potassium permanganate under acidic condition
- 8CoCl2Cobalt(II) chloride + 16KMnO4Potassium permanganate + 24H+Hydrogen ion8Co3+Cobalt(III) ion + 5KClO4Potassium perchlorate + 16MnO2Manganese(IV) oxide + 11KClPotassium chloride + 12H2OWater⟶
General equation
- Reaction of hardly oxidizable species and oxidizing species under acidic condition
- Hardly oxidizable speciesReducing agent + Oxidizing speciesOxidizing agent + H+Non-redox agent ⟶ ProductOxidation product + ProductReduction product + H2ONon-redox product
Oxidation state of each atom
- Reaction of cobalt(II) chloride and potassium permanganate under acidic condition
Reactants
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CoCl2 | Cobalt(II) chloride | 8 | Reducing | Hardly oxidizable |
| KMnO4 | Potassium permanganate | 16 | Oxidizing | Oxidizing under acidic condition |
| H+ | Hydrogen ion | 24 | – | Hydrogen ion |
Products
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Co3+ | Cobalt(III) ion | 8 | Oxidized | – |
| KClO4 | Potassium perchlorate | 5 | Oxidized | – |
| MnO2 | Manganese(IV) oxide | 16 | Reduced | – |
| KCl | Potassium chloride | 11 | – | – |
| H2O | Water | 12 | – | Water |
Thermodynamic changes
Changes in standard condition
- Reaction of cobalt(II) chloride and potassium permanganate under acidic condition◆
ΔrG −1013 kJ/mol K 2.95 × 10177 pK −177.47
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | −1697 | −1013 | −2280 | – |
per 1 mol of | −212.1 | −126.6 | −285.0 | – |
per 1 mol of | −106.1 | −63.31 | −142.5 | – |
per 1 mol of Hydrogen ion | −70.71 | −42.21 | −95.00 | – |
per 1 mol of Cobalt(III) ion | −212.1 | −126.6 | −285.0 | – |
per 1 mol of | −339.4 | −202.6 | −456.0 | – |
per 1 mol of | −106.1 | −63.31 | −142.5 | – |
per 1 mol of | −154.3 | −92.09 | −207.3 | – |
per 1 mol of | −141.4 | −84.42 | −190.0 | – |
Thermodynamic data of reactants
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CoCl2 (cr) | -312.5[1] | -269.8[1] | 109.16[1] | 78.49[1] |
| CoCl2 (ai) | -392.5[1] | -316.7[1] | 0[1] | – |
| CoCl2 (cr) 1 hydrate | -615[1] | – | – | – |
| CoCl2 (cr) 2 hydrate | -923.0[1] | -764.7[1] | 188[1] | – |
| CoCl2 (cr) 6 hydrate | -2115.4[1] | -1725.2[1] | 343[1] | – |
| KMnO4 (cr) | -837.2[1] | -737.6[1] | 171.71[1] | 117.57[1] |
| KMnO4 (ai) | -793.8[1] | -730.5[1] | 293.7[1] | -60.2[1] |
| H+ (g) | 1536.202[1] | – | – | – |
| H+ (ao) | 0[1] | 0[1] | 0[1] | 0[1] |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (g):Gas, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution
Thermodynamic data of products
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Co3+ (g) | 6082.7[1] | – | – | – |
| Co3+ (ao) | 92[1] | 134[1] | -305[1] | – |
| KClO4 (cr) | -432.75[1] | -303.09[1] | 151.0[1] | 112.38[1] |
| KClO4 (ai) | -381.71[1] | -291.79[1] | 284.5[1] | – |
| MnO2 (cr) | -520.03[1] | -465.14[1] | 53.05[1] | 54.14[1] |
| MnO2 (am) precipitated | -502.5[1] | – | – | – |
| KCl (cr) | -436.747[1] | -409.14[1] | 82.59[1] | 51.30[1] |
| KCl (g) | -214.14[1] | -233.0[1] | 239.10[1] | 36.48[1] |
| KCl (ai) | -419.53[1] | -414.49[1] | 159.0[1] | -114.6[1] |
| H2O (cr) | – | – | – | – |
| H2O (l) | -285.830[1] | -237.129[1] | 69.91[1] | 75.291[1] |
| H2O (g) | -241.818[1] | -228.572[1] | 188.825[1] | 33.577[1] |
* (g):Gas, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution, (cr):Crystalline solid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (am):Amorphous solid, (l):Liquid
References
List of references
- 1Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- ^ ΔfH°, -312.5 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -269.8 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 109.16 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 78.49 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -392.5 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -316.7 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -615. kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -923.0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -764.7 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 188. J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -2115.4 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -1725.2 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 343. J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -837.2 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -737.6 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 171.71 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 117.57 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -793.8 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -730.5 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 293.7 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, -60.2 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 1536.202 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 6082.7 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 92. kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 134. kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, -305. J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -432.75 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -303.09 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 151.0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 112.38 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -381.71 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -291.79 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 284.5 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -520.03 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -465.14 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 53.05 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 54.14 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -502.5 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -436.747 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -409.14 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 82.59 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 51.30 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -214.14 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -233.0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 239.10 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 36.48 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -419.53 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -414.49 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 159.0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, -114.6 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -285.830 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -237.129 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 69.91 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 75.291 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -241.818 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -228.572 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 188.825 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 33.577 J · K−1 · mol−1