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8AuCl3 + 24KMnO4 + 36H2O → 8Au(OH)3 + 3KClO4 + 24H2MnO4 + 21KCl

The reaction of gold(III) chloride, potassium permanganate, and water yields gold(III) hydroxide, potassium perchlorate, manganic acid, and potassium chloride (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:

Table of contents
  1. 1Reaction data
  2. 2Thermodynamic changes
  3. 3References
  4. 4Related reactions
  5. 5Related categories

Reaction data

Chemical equation

General equation

Reaction of hardly oxidizable species and oxidizing species under neutral condition
Hardly oxidizable speciesReducing agent + Oxidizing speciesOxidizing agent + H2ONon-redox agent
ProductOxidation product + ProductReduction product

Oxidation state of each atom

Reaction of gold(III) chloride and potassium permanganate under neutral condition

Reactants

Chemical formulaNameCoefficientTypeType in general
equation
AuCl3Gold(III) chloride8
Reducing
Hardly oxidizable
KMnO4Potassium permanganate24
Oxidizing
Oxidizing
H2OWater36
Water

Products

Chemical formulaNameCoefficientTypeType in general
equation
Au(OH)3Gold(III) hydroxide8
KClO4Potassium perchlorate3
Oxidized
H2MnO4Manganic acid24
Reduced
KClPotassium chloride21

Thermodynamic changes

Thermodynamic data of reactants

Chemical formulaStandard enthalpy
of formation
ΔfH°
kJ · mol−1
Standard Gibbs
energy of
formation
ΔfG°
kJ · mol−1
Standard
molar entropy
S°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Standard molar
heat capacity at
constant pressure
Cp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
AuCl3 (cr)-117.6[1]
AuCl3 (cr)
2 hydrate
-715.0[1]
KMnO4 (cr)-837.2[1]-737.6[1]171.71[1]117.57[1]
KMnO4 (ai)-793.8[1]-730.5[1]293.7[1]-60.2[1]
H2O (cr)
H2O (l)-285.830[1]-237.129[1]69.91[1]75.291[1]
H2O (g)-241.818[1]-228.572[1]188.825[1]33.577[1]
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (l):Liquid, (g):Gas

Thermodynamic data of products

Chemical formulaStandard enthalpy
of formation
ΔfH°
kJ · mol−1
Standard Gibbs
energy of
formation
ΔfG°
kJ · mol−1
Standard
molar entropy
S°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Standard molar
heat capacity at
constant pressure
Cp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Au(OH)3 (cr)
precipitated
-424.7[1]-316.92[1]189.5[1]
Au(OH)3 (ao)-283.37[1]
KClO4 (cr)-432.75[1]-303.09[1]151.0[1]112.38[1]
KClO4 (ai)-381.71[1]-291.79[1]284.5[1]
H2MnO4
KCl (cr)-436.747[1]-409.14[1]82.59[1]51.30[1]
KCl (g)-214.14[1]-233.0[1]239.10[1]36.48[1]
KCl (ai)-419.53[1]-414.49[1]159.0[1]-114.6[1]
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (g):Gas

References

List of references

  1. 1
    Janiel J. Reed (1989)
    The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI Units
    National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)