8KI + 9AgNO3 + 10H+ ๐ฅโ 8KNO3 + 4I2 + NH4+ + 9Ag+ + 3H2O
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- Reaction of potassium iodide and silver(I) nitrate under acidic condition
- 8KIPotassium iodide + 9AgNO3Silver(I) nitrate + 10H+Hydrogen ion8KNO3Potassium nitrate + 4 + NH4+Ammonium ion + 9Ag+Silver(I) ion + 3H2OWater๐ฅโถ
The reaction of potassium iodide, silver(I) nitrate, and hydrogen ion yields potassium nitrate, , ammonium ion, silver(I) ion, and water (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:
Table of contents
Reaction data
Chemical equation
- Reaction of potassium iodide and silver(I) nitrate under acidic condition
- 8KIPotassium iodide + 9AgNO3Silver(I) nitrate + 10H+Hydrogen ion8KNO3Potassium nitrate + 4 + NH4+Ammonium ion + 9Ag+Silver(I) ion + 3H2OWater๐ฅโถ
General equation
- Reaction of oxidizable species and oxidizing species under acidic condition
- Oxidizable speciesReducing agent + Oxidizing speciesOxidizing agent + H+Non-redox agent โถ ProductOxidation product + ProductReduction product + H2ONon-redox product
Oxidation state of each atom
- Reaction of potassium iodide and silver(I) nitrate under acidic condition
Reactants
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KI | Potassium iodide | 8 | Reducing | Oxidizable |
| AgNO3 | Silver(I) nitrate | 9 | Oxidizing | Oxidizing under acidic condition |
| H+ | Hydrogen ion | 10 | โ | Hydrogen ion |
Products
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KNO3 | Potassium nitrate | 8 | โ | โ |
| 4 | Oxidized | โ | ||
| NH4+ | Ammonium ion | 1 | Reduced | โ |
| Ag+ | Silver(I) ion | 9 | โ | โ |
| H2O | Water | 3 | โ | Water |
Thermodynamic changes
Changes in standard condition (1)
- Reaction of potassium iodide and silver(I) nitrate under acidic conditionโ
ฮrG โ201.13 kJ/mol K 1.72 ร 1035 pK โ35.24
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ฮrHยฐ kJ ยท molโ1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ฮrGยฐ kJ ยท molโ1 | Standard entropy of reaction ฮrSยฐ J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ฮrCpยฐ J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | โ250.5 | โ201.13 | โ166.0 | โ |
per 1 mol of | โ31.31 | โ25.141 | โ20.75 | โ |
per 1 mol of | โ27.83 | โ22.348 | โ18.44 | โ |
per 1 mol of Hydrogen ion | โ25.05 | โ20.113 | โ16.60 | โ |
per 1 mol of | โ31.31 | โ25.141 | โ20.75 | โ |
| โ62.63 | โ50.282 | โ41.50 | โ | |
per 1 mol of Ammonium ion | โ250.5 | โ201.13 | โ166.0 | โ |
per 1 mol of Silver(I) ion | โ27.83 | โ22.348 | โ18.44 | โ |
per 1 mol of | โ83.50 | โ67.043 | โ55.33 | โ |
Changes in standard condition (2)
- Reaction of potassium iodide and silver(I) nitrate under acidic conditionโ
ฮrG โ216.16 kJ/mol K 7.41 ร 1037 pK โ37.87
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ฮrHยฐ kJ ยท molโ1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ฮrGยฐ kJ ยท molโ1 | Standard entropy of reaction ฮrSยฐ J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ฮrCpยฐ J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | โ | โ216.16 | โ | โ |
per 1 mol of | โ | โ27.020 | โ | โ |
per 1 mol of | โ | โ24.018 | โ | โ |
per 1 mol of Hydrogen ion | โ | โ21.616 | โ | โ |
per 1 mol of | โ | โ27.020 | โ | โ |
| โ | โ54.040 | โ | โ | |
per 1 mol of Ammonium ion | โ | โ216.16 | โ | โ |
per 1 mol of Silver(I) ion | โ | โ24.018 | โ | โ |
per 1 mol of | โ | โ72.053 | โ | โ |
Thermodynamic data of reactants
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ฮfHยฐ kJ ยท molโ1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ฮfGยฐ kJ ยท molโ1 | Standard molar entropy Sยฐ J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cpยฐ J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KI (cr) | -327.900[1] | -324.892[1] | 106.32[1] | 52.93[1] |
| KI (g) | -125.5[1] | -166.1[1] | 258.3[1] | 37.11[1] |
| KI (ai) | -307.57[1] | -334.85[1] | 213.8[1] | -120.5[1] |
| AgNO3 (cr) | -124.39[1] | -33.41[1] | 140.92[1] | 93.05[1] |
| AgNO3 (ai) | -101.80[1] | -34.16[1] | 219.2[1] | -64.9[1] |
| AgNO3 (ao) | โ | -32.49[1] | โ | โ |
| H+ (g) | 1536.202[1] | โ | โ | โ |
| H+ (ao) | 0[1] | 0[1] | 0[1] | 0[1] |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (g):Gas, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution
Thermodynamic data of products
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ฮfHยฐ kJ ยท molโ1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ฮfGยฐ kJ ยท molโ1 | Standard molar entropy Sยฐ J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cpยฐ J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KNO3 (cr) | -494.63[1] | -394.86[1] | 133.05[1] | 96.40[1] |
| KNO3 (ai) | -459.74[1] | -394.53[1] | 248.9[1] | -64.9[1] |
| (cr) | 0[1] | 0[1] | 116.135[1] | 54.438[1] |
| (g) | 62.438[1] | 19.327[1] | 260.69[1] | 36.90[1] |
| (ao) | 22.6[1] | 16.40[1] | 137.2[1] | โ |
| NH4+ (ao) | -132.51[1] | -79.31[1] | 113.4[1] | 79.9[1] |
| Ag+ (g) | 1021.73[1] | โ | โ | โ |
| Ag+ (ao) | 105.579[1] | 77.107[1] | 72.68[1] | 21.8[1] |
| H2O (cr) | โ | โ | โ | โ |
| H2O (l) | -285.830[1] | -237.129[1] | 69.91[1] | 75.291[1] |
| H2O (g) | -241.818[1] | -228.572[1] | 188.825[1] | 33.577[1] |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (g):Gas, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution, (l):Liquid
References
List of references
- 1Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
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- ^ ฮfGยฐ, -324.892 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ Sยฐ, 106.32 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ Cpยฐ, 52.93 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfHยฐ, -125.5 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfGยฐ, -166.1 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ Sยฐ, 258.3 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ Cpยฐ, 37.11 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfHยฐ, -307.57 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfGยฐ, -334.85 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ Sยฐ, 213.8 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ Cpยฐ, -120.5 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfHยฐ, -124.39 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfGยฐ, -33.41 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ Sยฐ, 140.92 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ Cpยฐ, 93.05 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfHยฐ, -101.80 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfGยฐ, -34.16 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ Sยฐ, 219.2 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ Cpยฐ, -64.9 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfGยฐ, -32.49 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfHยฐ, 1536.202 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfHยฐ, 0 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfGยฐ, 0 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ Sยฐ, 0 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ Cpยฐ, 0 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfHยฐ, -494.63 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfGยฐ, -394.86 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ Sยฐ, 133.05 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ Cpยฐ, 96.40 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfHยฐ, -459.74 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfGยฐ, -394.53 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ Sยฐ, 248.9 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ Cpยฐ, -64.9 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfHยฐ, 0 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfGยฐ, 0 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ Sยฐ, 116.135 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ Cpยฐ, 54.438 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfHยฐ, 62.438 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfGยฐ, 19.327 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ Sยฐ, 260.69 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ Cpยฐ, 36.90 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfHยฐ, 22.6 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfGยฐ, 16.40 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ Sยฐ, 137.2 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfHยฐ, -132.51 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfGยฐ, -79.31 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ Sยฐ, 113.4 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ Cpยฐ, 79.9 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfHยฐ, 1021.73 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfHยฐ, 105.579 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfGยฐ, 77.107 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ Sยฐ, 72.68 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ Cpยฐ, 21.8 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfHยฐ, -285.830 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfGยฐ, -237.129 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ Sยฐ, 69.91 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ Cpยฐ, 75.291 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfHยฐ, -241.818 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ ฮfGยฐ, -228.572 kJ ยท molโ1
- ^ Sยฐ, 188.825 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1
- ^ Cpยฐ, 33.577 J ยท Kโ1 ยท molโ1