8Na2HPO4 + 15e− → 8Na2O + 3P + 4H2O + 5PO43−
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- Reduction of sodium hydrogenphosphate
- 8Na2HPO4Sodium hydrogenphosphate + 15e−Electron8Na2OSodium oxide + 3 + 4H2OWater + 5PO43−Phosphate ion⟶
Reduction of sodium hydrogenphosphate yields sodium oxide, , water, and phosphate ion (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:
Table of contents
Reaction data
Chemical equation
- Reduction of sodium hydrogenphosphate
- 8Na2HPO4Sodium hydrogenphosphate + 15e−Electron8Na2OSodium oxide + 3 + 4H2OWater + 5PO43−Phosphate ion⟶
General equation
- Reduction of reducible species
- ReactantOxidizing agent + e− ⟶ ProductReduction product
Oxidation state of each atom
- Reduction of sodium hydrogenphosphate
Reactants
Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
---|---|---|---|---|
Na2HPO4 | Sodium hydrogenphosphate | 8 | Oxidizing | – |
e− | Electron | 15 | – | Electron |
Products
Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
---|---|---|---|---|
Na2O | Sodium oxide | 8 | – | – |
3 | Reduced | – | ||
H2O | Water | 4 | – | – |
PO43− | Phosphate ion | 5 | – | – |
Thermodynamic changes
Changes in standard condition
- Reduction of sodium hydrogenphosphate◆
ΔrG 3858.1 kJ/mol K 0.12 × 10−675 pK 675.91
Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | 3335.0 | 3858.1 | −774.1 | – |
per 1 mol of | 416.88 | 482.26 | −96.76 | – |
per 1 mol of Electron | 222.33 | 257.21 | −51.61 | – |
per 1 mol of | 416.88 | 482.26 | −96.76 | – |
1111.7 | 1286.0 | −258.0 | – | |
per 1 mol of | 833.75 | 964.52 | −193.5 | – |
per 1 mol of Phosphate ion | 667.00 | 771.62 | −154.8 | – |
Thermodynamic data of reactants
Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
---|---|---|---|---|
Na2HPO4 (cr) | -1748.1[1] | -1608.2[1] | 150.50[1] | 135.31[1] |
Na2HPO4 (ai) | -1772.38[1] | -1612.98[1] | 84.5[1] | – |
Na2HPO4 (cr) 2 hydrate | -2346.0[1] | -2088.5[1] | 221.3[1] | – |
Na2HPO4 (cr) 7 hydrate | -3821.7[1] | -3279.8[1] | 434.59[1] | – |
Na2HPO4 (cr) 12 hydrate | -5297.8[1] | -4467.8[1] | 633.83[1] | – |
e− | – | – | – | – |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution
Thermodynamic data of products
Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
---|---|---|---|---|
Na2O (cr) | -414.22[1] | -375.46[1] | 75.06[1] | 69.12[1] |
Na2O (g) | -35.6[1] | -52.3[1] | 261.2[1] | 55.2[1] |
(cr) white | 0[1] | 0[1] | 41.09[1] | 23.84[1] |
(cr) red, triclinic | -17.6[1] | -12.1[1] | 22.80[1] | 21.21[1] |
(cr) black | -39.3[1] | – | – | – |
(am) red | -7.5[1] | – | – | – |
(g) | 314.64[1] | 278.25[1] | 163.193[1] | 20.786[1] |
H2O (cr) | – | – | – | – |
H2O (l) | -285.830[1] | -237.129[1] | 69.91[1] | 75.291[1] |
H2O (g) | -241.818[1] | -228.572[1] | 188.825[1] | 33.577[1] |
PO43− (ao) | -1277.4[1] | -1018.7[1] | -220.3[1] | – |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (g):Gas, (am):Amorphous solid, (l):Liquid, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution
References
List of references
- 1Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- ^ ΔfH°, -1748.1 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -1608.2 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 150.50 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 135.31 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1772.38 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -1612.98 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 84.5 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -2346.0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -2088.5 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 221.3 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -3821.7 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -3279.8 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 434.59 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -5297.8 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -4467.8 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 633.83 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -414.22 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -375.46 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 75.06 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 69.12 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -35.6 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -52.3 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 261.2 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 55.2 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 41.09 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 23.84 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -17.6 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -12.1 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 22.80 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 21.21 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -39.3 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -7.5 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 314.64 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 278.25 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 163.193 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 20.786 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -285.830 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -237.129 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 69.91 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 75.291 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -241.818 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -228.572 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 188.825 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 33.577 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1277.4 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -1018.7 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, -220.3 J · K−1 · mol−1