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8Na[AuCl4] + 6KMnO4 + 15H2O ๐Ÿ”ฅโ†’ 8NaCl + 12Cl2โ†‘ + 3Mn2O3 + 8Au(OH)3 + 6KOH

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Reaction of sodium tetrachloridoaurate(III) and potassium permanganate under neutral condition
8Na[AuCl4]Sodium tetrachloridoaurate(III) + 6KMnO4Potassium permanganate + 15H2OWater
๐Ÿ”ฅ
โŸถ
8NaClSodium chloride + 12Cl2โ†‘Chlorine + 3Mn2O3Manganese(III) oxide + 8Au(OH)3Gold(III) hydroxide + 6KOHPotassium hydroxide

The reaction of sodium tetrachloridoaurate(III), potassium permanganate, and water yields sodium chloride, chlorine, manganese(III) oxide, gold(III) hydroxide, and potassium hydroxide (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:

Table of contents
  1. 1Reaction data
  2. 2Thermodynamic changes
  3. 3References
  4. 4Related reactions
  5. 5Related categories

Reaction data

Chemical equation

Reaction of sodium tetrachloridoaurate(III) and potassium permanganate under neutral condition
8Na[AuCl4]Sodium tetrachloridoaurate(III) + 6KMnO4Potassium permanganate + 15H2OWater
๐Ÿ”ฅ
โŸถ
8NaClSodium chloride + 12Cl2โ†‘Chlorine + 3Mn2O3Manganese(III) oxide + 8Au(OH)3Gold(III) hydroxide + 6KOHPotassium hydroxide

General equation

Reaction of hardly oxidizable species and oxidizing species under neutral condition
Hardly oxidizable speciesReducing agent + Oxidizing speciesOxidizing agent + H2ONon-redox agent
โŸถ
ProductOxidation product + ProductReduction product

Oxidation state of each atom

Reaction of sodium tetrachloridoaurate(III) and potassium permanganate under neutral condition

Reactants

Chemical formulaNameCoefficientTypeType in general
equation
Na[AuCl4]Sodium tetrachloridoaurate(III)8
Reducing
Hardly oxidizable
KMnO4Potassium permanganate6
Oxidizing
Oxidizing
H2OWater15
โ€“
Water

Products

Chemical formulaNameCoefficientTypeType in general
equation
NaClSodium chloride8
โ€“
โ€“
Cl2Chlorine12
Oxidized
โ€“
Mn2O3Manganese(III) oxide3
Reduced
โ€“
Au(OH)3Gold(III) hydroxide8
โ€“
โ€“
KOHPotassium hydroxide6
โ€“
โ€“

Thermodynamic changes

Changes in aqueous solution (1)

Reaction of sodium tetrachloridoaurate(III) and potassium permanganate under neutral condition
โ—†
ฮ”rG1217.9 kJ/mol
K0.43 ร— 10โˆ’213
pK213.37
8Na[AuCl4]Ionized aqueous solution + 6KMnO4Ionized aqueous solution + 15H2OLiquid
๐Ÿ”ฅ
โŸถ
8NaClIonized aqueous solution + 12Cl2โ†‘Gas + 3Mn2O3Crystalline solid + 8Au(OH)3Un-ionized aqueous solution + 6KOHIonized aqueous solution
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ฮ”rHยฐ
kJ ยท molโˆ’1		Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ฮ”rGยฐ
kJ ยท molโˆ’1		Standard entropy
of reaction
ฮ”rSยฐ
J ยท Kโˆ’1 ยท molโˆ’1		Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ฮ”rCpยฐ
J ยท Kโˆ’1 ยท molโˆ’1
per 1 mol of
Equation
โ€“1217.9โ€“โ€“
โ€“152.24โ€“โ€“
โ€“202.98โ€“โ€“
per 1 mol of
โ€“81.193โ€“โ€“
per 1 mol of
โ€“152.24โ€“โ€“
per 1 mol of
โ€“101.49โ€“โ€“
โ€“405.97โ€“โ€“
โ€“152.24โ€“โ€“
โ€“202.98โ€“โ€“

Changes in aqueous solution (2)

Reaction of sodium tetrachloridoaurate(III) and potassium permanganate under neutral condition
โ—†
ฮ”rG1301.2 kJ/mol
K0.11 ร— 10โˆ’227
pK227.96
8Na[AuCl4]Ionized aqueous solution + 6KMnO4Ionized aqueous solution + 15H2OLiquid
๐Ÿ”ฅ
โŸถ
8NaClIonized aqueous solution + 12Cl2โ†‘Un-ionized aqueous solution + 3Mn2O3Crystalline solid + 8Au(OH)3Un-ionized aqueous solution + 6KOHIonized aqueous solution
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ฮ”rHยฐ
kJ ยท molโˆ’1		Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ฮ”rGยฐ
kJ ยท molโˆ’1		Standard entropy
of reaction
ฮ”rSยฐ
J ยท Kโˆ’1 ยท molโˆ’1		Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ฮ”rCpยฐ
J ยท Kโˆ’1 ยท molโˆ’1
per 1 mol of
Equation
โ€“1301.2โ€“โ€“
โ€“162.65โ€“โ€“
โ€“216.87โ€“โ€“
per 1 mol of
โ€“86.747โ€“โ€“
per 1 mol of
โ€“162.65โ€“โ€“
per 1 mol of
โ€“108.43โ€“โ€“
โ€“433.73โ€“โ€“
โ€“162.65โ€“โ€“
โ€“216.87โ€“โ€“

Thermodynamic data of reactants

Chemical formulaStandard enthalpy
of formation
ฮ”fHยฐ
kJ ยท molโˆ’1		Standard Gibbs
energy of
formation
ฮ”fGยฐ
kJ ยท molโˆ’1		Standard
molar entropy
Sยฐ
J ยท Kโˆ’1 ยท molโˆ’1		Standard molar
heat capacity at
constant pressure
Cpยฐ
J ยท Kโˆ’1 ยท molโˆ’1
Na[AuCl4] (ai)-562.3[1]-497.04[1]325.9[1]โ€“
KMnO4 (cr)-837.2[1]-737.6[1]171.71[1]117.57[1]
KMnO4 (ai)-793.8[1]-730.5[1]293.7[1]-60.2[1]
H2O (cr)โ€“โ€“โ€“โ€“
H2O (l)-285.830[1]-237.129[1]69.91[1]75.291[1]
H2O (g)-241.818[1]-228.572[1]188.825[1]33.577[1]
* (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (cr):Crystalline solid, (l):Liquid, (g):Gas

Thermodynamic data of products

Chemical formulaStandard enthalpy
of formation
ฮ”fHยฐ
kJ ยท molโˆ’1		Standard Gibbs
energy of
formation
ฮ”fGยฐ
kJ ยท molโˆ’1		Standard
molar entropy
Sยฐ
J ยท Kโˆ’1 ยท molโˆ’1		Standard molar
heat capacity at
constant pressure
Cpยฐ
J ยท Kโˆ’1 ยท molโˆ’1
NaCl (cr)-411.153[1]-384.138[1]72.13[1]50.50[1]
NaCl (g)-176.65[1]-196.66[1]229.81[1]35.77[1]
NaCl (ai)-407.27[1]-393.133[1]115.5[1]-90.0[1]
Cl2 (g)0[1]0[1]223.066[1]33.907[1]
Cl2 (ao)-23.4[1]6.94[1]121[1]โ€“
Mn2O3 (cr)-959.0[1]-881.1[1]110.5[1]107.65[1]
Au(OH)3 (cr)
precipitated
-424.7[1]-316.92[1]189.5[1]โ€“
Au(OH)3 (ao)โ€“-283.37[1]โ€“โ€“
KOH (cr)-424.764[1]-379.08[1]78.9[1]64.9[1]
KOH (g)-231.0[1]-232.6[1]238.3[1]49.20[1]
KOH (ai)-482.37[1]-440.50[1]91.6[1]-126.8[1]
KOH (cr)
1 hydrate
-748.9[1]-645.1[1]117.2[1]โ€“
KOH (cr)
2 hydrate
-1051.0[1]-887.3[1]150.6[1]โ€“
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (g):Gas, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution

References

List of references

  1. 1
    Janiel J. Reed (1989)
    The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI Units
    National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)