9Ba(HCO3)2 + 8e− → 9BaCO3 + 8HCO3− + 3H2O + CH4↑
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- Reduction of barium hydrogencarbonate
- 9Ba(HCO3)2Barium hydrogencarbonate + 8e−Electron9BaCO3Barium carbonate + 8HCO3−Hydrogencarbonate ion + 3H2OWater + ↑⟶
Reduction of barium hydrogencarbonate yields barium carbonate, hydrogencarbonate ion, water, and (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:
Table of contents
Reaction data
Chemical equation
- Reduction of barium hydrogencarbonate
- 9Ba(HCO3)2Barium hydrogencarbonate + 8e−Electron9BaCO3Barium carbonate + 8HCO3−Hydrogencarbonate ion + 3H2OWater + ↑⟶
General equation
- Reduction of reducible species
- ReactantOxidizing agent + e− ⟶ ProductReduction product
Oxidation state of each atom
- Reduction of barium hydrogencarbonate
Reactants
Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
---|---|---|---|---|
Ba(HCO3)2 | Barium hydrogencarbonate | 9 | Oxidizing | – |
e− | Electron | 8 | – | Electron |
Products
Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
---|---|---|---|---|
BaCO3 | Barium carbonate | 9 | – | – |
HCO3− | Hydrogencarbonate ion | 8 | – | – |
H2O | Water | 3 | – | – |
1 | Reduced | – |
Thermodynamic changes
Changes in standard condition (1)
- Reduction of barium hydrogencarbonate◆
ΔrG −86.0 kJ/mol K 1.17 × 1015 pK −15.07
Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | −120.3 | −86.0 | 406.5 | – |
per 1 mol of | −13.37 | −9.56 | 45.17 | – |
per 1 mol of Electron | −15.04 | −10.8 | 50.81 | – |
per 1 mol of | −13.37 | −9.56 | 45.17 | – |
per 1 mol of Hydrogencarbonate ion | −15.04 | −10.8 | 50.81 | – |
per 1 mol of | −40.10 | −28.7 | 135.5 | – |
−120.3 | −86.0 | 406.5 | – |
Changes in standard condition (2)
- Reduction of barium hydrogencarbonate◆
ΔrG −69.6 kJ/mol K 1.56 × 1012 pK −12.19
Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | −134.5 | −69.6 | 303.9 | – |
per 1 mol of | −14.94 | −7.73 | 33.77 | – |
per 1 mol of Electron | −16.81 | −8.70 | 37.99 | – |
per 1 mol of | −14.94 | −7.73 | 33.77 | – |
per 1 mol of Hydrogencarbonate ion | −16.81 | −8.70 | 37.99 | – |
per 1 mol of | −44.83 | −23.2 | 101.3 | – |
−134.5 | −69.6 | 303.9 | – |
Thermodynamic data of reactants
Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
---|---|---|---|---|
Ba(HCO3)2 (ai) | -1921.63[1] | -1734.30[1] | 192.0[1] | – |
e− | – | – | – | – |
* (ai):Ionized aqueous solution
Thermodynamic data of products
Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
---|---|---|---|---|
BaCO3 (cr) | -1216.3[1] | -1137.6[1] | 112.1[1] | 85.35[1] |
BaCO3 (ai) | -1214.78[1] | -1088.59[1] | -47.3[1] | – |
HCO3− (ao) | -691.99[1] | -586.77[1] | 91.2[1] | – |
H2O (cr) | – | – | – | – |
H2O (l) | -285.830[1] | -237.129[1] | 69.91[1] | 75.291[1] |
H2O (g) | -241.818[1] | -228.572[1] | 188.825[1] | 33.577[1] |
(g) | -74.81[1] | -50.72[1] | 186.264[1] | 35.309[1] |
(ao) | -89.04[1] | -34.33[1] | 83.7[1] | – |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution, (l):Liquid, (g):Gas
References
List of references
- 1Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- ^ ΔfH°, -1921.63 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -1734.30 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 192.0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1216.3 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -1137.6 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 112.1 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 85.35 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1214.78 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -1088.59 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, -47.3 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -691.99 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -586.77 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 91.2 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -285.830 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -237.129 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 69.91 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 75.291 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -241.818 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -228.572 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 188.825 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 33.577 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -74.81 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -50.72 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 186.264 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 35.309 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -89.04 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -34.33 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 83.7 J · K−1 · mol−1