9Au + 6Hg(NO3)2 + 38H+ 🔥→ 9Au3+ + 3Hg22+ + 7NO↑ + 19H2O + 5NO2+
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- Reaction of and mercury(II) nitrate under acidic condition
- 9 + 6Hg(NO3)2Mercury(II) nitrate + 38H+Hydrogen ion9Au3+Gold(III) ion + 3Hg22+Dimercury(I) ion + 7NO↑Nitrogen monoxide + 19H2OWater + 5NO2+Nitronium ion🔥⟶
The reaction of , mercury(II) nitrate, and hydrogen ion yields gold(III) ion, dimercury(I) ion, nitrogen monoxide, water, and nitronium ion (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:
Table of contents
Reaction data
Chemical equation
- Reaction of and mercury(II) nitrate under acidic condition
- 9 + 6Hg(NO3)2Mercury(II) nitrate + 38H+Hydrogen ion9Au3+Gold(III) ion + 3Hg22+Dimercury(I) ion + 7NO↑Nitrogen monoxide + 19H2OWater + 5NO2+Nitronium ion🔥⟶
General equation
- Reaction of hardly oxidizable species and oxidizing species under acidic condition
- Hardly oxidizable speciesReducing agent + Oxidizing speciesOxidizing agent + H+Non-redox agent ⟶ ProductOxidation product + ProductReduction product + H2ONon-redox product
Oxidation state of each atom
- Reaction of and mercury(II) nitrate under acidic condition
Reactants
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 9 | Reducing | Hardly oxidizable | ||
| Hg(NO3)2 | Mercury(II) nitrate | 6 | Oxidizing | Oxidizing under acidic condition |
| H+ | Hydrogen ion | 38 | – | Hydrogen ion |
Products
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Au3+ | Gold(III) ion | 9 | Oxidized | – |
| Hg22+ | Dimercury(I) ion | 3 | Reduced | – |
| NO | Nitrogen monoxide | 7 | Reduced | – |
| H2O | Water | 19 | – | Water |
| NO2+ | Nitronium ion | 5 | – | – |
Thermodynamic changes
Thermodynamic data of reactants
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (cr) | 0[1] | 0[1] | 47.40[1] | 25.418[1] |
| (g) | 366.1[1] | 326.3[1] | 180.503[1] | 20.786[1] |
| Hg(NO3)2 (cr) 0.5 hydrate | -392.5[1] | – | – | – |
| H+ (g) | 1536.202[1] | – | – | – |
| H+ (ao) | 0[1] | 0[1] | 0[1] | 0[1] |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (g):Gas, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution
Thermodynamic data of products
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Au3+ | – | – | – | – |
| Hg22+ (ao) | 172.4[1] | 153.52[1] | 84.5[1] | – |
| NO (g) | 90.25[1] | 86.55[1] | 210.761[1] | 29.844[1] |
| H2O (cr) | – | – | – | – |
| H2O (l) | -285.830[1] | -237.129[1] | 69.91[1] | 75.291[1] |
| H2O (g) | -241.818[1] | -228.572[1] | 188.825[1] | 33.577[1] |
| NO2+ (g) | 967.8[1] | – | – | – |
* (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution, (g):Gas, (cr):Crystalline solid, (l):Liquid
References
List of references
- 1Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- ^ ΔfH°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 47.40 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 25.418 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 366.1 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 326.3 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 180.503 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 20.786 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -392.5 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 1536.202 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 172.4 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 153.52 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 84.5 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 90.25 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 86.55 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 210.761 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 29.844 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -285.830 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -237.129 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 69.91 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 75.291 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -241.818 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -228.572 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 188.825 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 33.577 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 967.8 kJ · mol−1