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HCN + 3H2O 💧⚡→ HNO2 + CO↑ + 3H2

Electrolysis of aqueous hydrogen cyanide with water as oxidizing agent

Electrolysis of aqueous hydrogen cyanide yields nitrous acid, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:

Table of contents
  1. 1Reaction data
  2. 2Thermodynamic changes
  3. 3References
  4. 4Related reactions
  5. 5Related categories

Reaction data

Chemical equation

Electrolysis of aqueous hydrogen cyanide with water as oxidizing agent

General equation

Electrolysis of aqueous solution with water as oxidizing agent
Miscible with water/Very soluble in water/Soluble in waterReducing agent + H2OOxidizing agent
💧⚡
ProductOxidation product + ProductReduction product

Oxidation state of each atom

Electrolysis of aqueous hydrogen cyanide with water as oxidizing agent

Reactants

Chemical formulaNameCoefficientTypeType in general
equation
HCNHydrogen cyanide1
Reducing
Miscible with water
H2OWater3
Oxidizing
Water

Products

Chemical formulaNameCoefficientTypeType in general
equation
HNO2Nitrous acid1
Oxidized
COCarbon monoxide1
H2Hydrogen3
Reduced

Thermodynamic changes

Changes in standard condition (1)

Electrolysis of aqueous hydrogen cyanide with water as oxidizing agent
ΔrG351.2 kJ/mol
K0.30 × 10−61
pK61.53
HCNIonized aqueous solution + 3H2OLiquid
💧⚡
HNO2Un-ionized aqueous solution + COGas + 3H2Gas
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ΔrH°
kJ · mol−1
Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ΔrG°
kJ · mol−1
Standard entropy
of reaction
ΔrS°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ΔrCp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
per 1 mol of
Equation
477.2351.2421.5
per 1 mol of
477.2351.2421.5
per 1 mol of
159.1117.1140.5
per 1 mol of
477.2351.2421.5
per 1 mol of
477.2351.2421.5
per 1 mol of
159.1117.1140.5

Changes in standard condition (2)

Electrolysis of aqueous hydrogen cyanide with water as oxidizing agent
ΔrG404.0 kJ/mol
K0.17 × 10−70
pK70.78
HCNIonized aqueous solution + 3H2OLiquid
💧⚡
HNO2Un-ionized aqueous solution + COGas + 3H2Un-ionized aqueous solution
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ΔrH°
kJ · mol−1
Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ΔrG°
kJ · mol−1
Standard entropy
of reaction
ΔrS°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ΔrCp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
per 1 mol of
Equation
464.6404.01760
per 1 mol of
464.6404.01760
per 1 mol of
154.9134.7586.7
per 1 mol of
464.6404.01760
per 1 mol of
464.6404.01760
per 1 mol of
154.9134.7586.7

Changes in standard condition (3)

Electrolysis of aqueous hydrogen cyanide with water as oxidizing agent
ΔrG368.5 kJ/mol
K0.28 × 10−64
pK64.56
HCNIonized aqueous solution + 3H2OLiquid
💧⚡
HNO2Un-ionized aqueous solution + COUn-ionized aqueous solution + 3H2Gas
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ΔrH°
kJ · mol−1
Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ΔrG°
kJ · mol−1
Standard entropy
of reaction
ΔrS°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ΔrCp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
per 1 mol of
Equation
466.7368.5328.4
per 1 mol of
466.7368.5328.4
per 1 mol of
155.6122.8109.5
per 1 mol of
466.7368.5328.4
per 1 mol of
466.7368.5328.4
per 1 mol of
155.6122.8109.5

Changes in standard condition (4)

Electrolysis of aqueous hydrogen cyanide with water as oxidizing agent
ΔrG421.3 kJ/mol
K0.16 × 10−73
pK73.81
HCNIonized aqueous solution + 3H2OLiquid
💧⚡
HNO2Un-ionized aqueous solution + COUn-ionized aqueous solution + 3H2Un-ionized aqueous solution
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ΔrH°
kJ · mol−1
Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ΔrG°
kJ · mol−1
Standard entropy
of reaction
ΔrS°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ΔrCp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
per 1 mol of
Equation
454.1421.31667
per 1 mol of
454.1421.31667
per 1 mol of
151.4140.4555.7
per 1 mol of
454.1421.31667
per 1 mol of
454.1421.31667
per 1 mol of
151.4140.4555.7

Changes in standard condition (5)

Electrolysis of aqueous hydrogen cyanide with water as oxidizing agent
ΔrG403.9 kJ/mol
K0.17 × 10−70
pK70.76
HCNUn-ionized aqueous solution + 3H2OLiquid
💧⚡
HNO2Un-ionized aqueous solution + COGas + 3H2Gas
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ΔrH°
kJ · mol−1
Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ΔrG°
kJ · mol−1
Standard entropy
of reaction
ΔrS°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ΔrCp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
per 1 mol of
Equation
520.7403.9390.9
per 1 mol of
520.7403.9390.9
per 1 mol of
173.6134.6130.3
per 1 mol of
520.7403.9390.9
per 1 mol of
520.7403.9390.9
per 1 mol of
173.6134.6130.3

Changes in standard condition (6)

Electrolysis of aqueous hydrogen cyanide with water as oxidizing agent
ΔrG456.7 kJ/mol
K0.98 × 10−80
pK80.01
HCNUn-ionized aqueous solution + 3H2OLiquid
💧⚡
HNO2Un-ionized aqueous solution + COGas + 3H2Un-ionized aqueous solution
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ΔrH°
kJ · mol−1
Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ΔrG°
kJ · mol−1
Standard entropy
of reaction
ΔrS°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ΔrCp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
per 1 mol of
Equation
508.1456.71730
per 1 mol of
508.1456.71730
per 1 mol of
169.4152.2576.7
per 1 mol of
508.1456.71730
per 1 mol of
508.1456.71730
per 1 mol of
169.4152.2576.7

Changes in standard condition (7)

Electrolysis of aqueous hydrogen cyanide with water as oxidizing agent
ΔrG421.2 kJ/mol
K0.16 × 10−73
pK73.79
HCNUn-ionized aqueous solution + 3H2OLiquid
💧⚡
HNO2Un-ionized aqueous solution + COUn-ionized aqueous solution + 3H2Gas
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ΔrH°
kJ · mol−1
Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ΔrG°
kJ · mol−1
Standard entropy
of reaction
ΔrS°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ΔrCp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
per 1 mol of
Equation
510.2421.2297.8
per 1 mol of
510.2421.2297.8
per 1 mol of
170.1140.499.27
per 1 mol of
510.2421.2297.8
per 1 mol of
510.2421.2297.8
per 1 mol of
170.1140.499.27

Changes in standard condition (8)

Electrolysis of aqueous hydrogen cyanide with water as oxidizing agent
ΔrG474.0 kJ/mol
K0.91 × 10−83
pK83.04
HCNUn-ionized aqueous solution + 3H2OLiquid
💧⚡
HNO2Un-ionized aqueous solution + COUn-ionized aqueous solution + 3H2Un-ionized aqueous solution
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ΔrH°
kJ · mol−1
Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ΔrG°
kJ · mol−1
Standard entropy
of reaction
ΔrS°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ΔrCp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
per 1 mol of
Equation
497.6474.01637
per 1 mol of
497.6474.01637
per 1 mol of
165.9158.0545.7
per 1 mol of
497.6474.01637
per 1 mol of
497.6474.01637
per 1 mol of
165.9158.0545.7

Thermodynamic data of reactants

Chemical formulaStandard enthalpy
of formation
ΔfH°
kJ · mol−1
Standard Gibbs
energy of
formation
ΔfG°
kJ · mol−1
Standard
molar entropy
S°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Standard molar
heat capacity at
constant pressure
Cp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
HCN (l)108.87[1]124.97[1]112.84[1]70.63[1]
HCN (g)135.1[1]124.7[1]201.78[1]35.86[1]
HCN (ai)150.6[1]172.4[1]94.1[1]
HCN (ao)107.1[1]119.7[1]124.7[1]
H2O (cr)
H2O (l)-285.830[1]-237.129[1]69.91[1]75.291[1]
H2O (g)-241.818[1]-228.572[1]188.825[1]33.577[1]
* (l):Liquid, (g):Gas, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution, (cr):Crystalline solid

Thermodynamic data of products

Chemical formulaStandard enthalpy
of formation
ΔfH°
kJ · mol−1
Standard Gibbs
energy of
formation
ΔfG°
kJ · mol−1
Standard
molar entropy
S°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Standard molar
heat capacity at
constant pressure
Cp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
HNO2 (g)
cis
-77.99[1]-42.94[1]248.76[1]44.77[1]
HNO2 (g)
trans
-80.12[1]-45.24[1]249.22[1]46.07[1]
HNO2 (g)-79.5[1]-46.0[1]254.1[1]45.6[1]
HNO2 (ao)-119.2[1]-50.6[1]135.6[1]
CO (g)-110.525[1]-137.168[1]197.674[1]29.142[1]
CO (ao)-120.96[1]-119.90[1]104.6[1]
H2 (g)0[1]0[1]130.684[1]28.824[1]
H2 (ao)-4.2[1]17.6[1]577[1]
* (g):Gas, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution

References

List of references

  1. 1
    Janiel J. Reed (1989)
    The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI Units
    National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)