Ni(NO3)2 + 10H2O 💧⚡→ Ni(OH)2 + N2H4 + 7H2O2
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- Electrolysis of aqueous nickel(II) nitrate with water as reducing agent
Electrolysis of aqueous nickel(II) nitrate yields nickel(II) hydroxide, hydrazine, and (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:
Table of contents
Reaction data
Chemical equation
- Electrolysis of aqueous nickel(II) nitrate with water as reducing agent
General equation
- Electrolysis of aqueous solution with water as reducing agent
- Miscible with water/Very soluble in water/Soluble in waterOxidizing agent + H2OReducing agent💧⚡⟶ ProductOxidation product + ProductReduction product
Oxidation state of each atom
- Electrolysis of aqueous nickel(II) nitrate with water as reducing agent
Reactants
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ni(NO3)2 | Nickel(II) nitrate | 1 | Oxidizing | Very soluble in water |
| H2O | Water | 10 | Reducing | Water |
Products
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ni(OH)2 | Nickel(II) hydroxide | 1 | – | – |
| N2H4 | Hydrazine | 1 | Reduced | – |
| 7 | Oxidized | – |
Thermodynamic changes
Changes in standard condition
- Electrolysis of aqueous nickel(II) nitrate with water as reducing agent
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | 1479.9 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | 1479.9 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | 147.99 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | 1479.9 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | 1479.9 | – | – | – |
| 211.41 | – | – | – |
Changes in aqueous solution
- Electrolysis of aqueous nickel(II) nitrate with water as reducing agent◆
ΔrG 1382.5 kJ/mol K 0.63 × 10−242 pK 242.20
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | 1493.3 | 1382.5 | 370 | – |
per 1 mol of | 1493.3 | 1382.5 | 370 | – |
per 1 mol of | 149.33 | 138.25 | 37.0 | – |
per 1 mol of | 1493.3 | 1382.5 | 370 | – |
per 1 mol of | 1493.3 | 1382.5 | 370 | – |
| 213.33 | 197.50 | 52.9 | – |
Thermodynamic data of reactants
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ni(NO3)2 (cr) | -415.1[1] | – | – | – |
| Ni(NO3)2 (ai) | -468.6[1] | -268.5[1] | 164.0[1] | – |
| Ni(NO3)2 (cr) 3 hydrate | -1326.3[1] | – | – | – |
| Ni(NO3)2 (cr) 6 hydrate | -2211.7[1] | – | – | 464[1] |
| H2O (cr) | – | – | – | – |
| H2O (l) | -285.830[1] | -237.129[1] | 69.91[1] | 75.291[1] |
| H2O (g) | -241.818[1] | -228.572[1] | 188.825[1] | 33.577[1] |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (l):Liquid, (g):Gas
Thermodynamic data of products
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ni(OH)2 (cr) | -529.7[1] | -447.2[1] | 88[1] | – |
| Ni(OH)2 (ai) | -513.8[1] | -360.2[1] | -150.2[1] | – |
| N2H4 (l) | 50.63[1] | 149.34[1] | 121.21[1] | 98.87[1] |
| N2H4 (g) | 95.40[1] | 159.35[1] | 238.47[1] | 49.58[1] |
| N2H4 (ao) | 34.31[1] | 128.1[1] | 138[1] | – |
| (l) | -187.78[1] | -120.35[1] | 109.6[1] | 89.1[1] |
| (g) | -136.31[1] | -105.57[1] | 232.7[1] | 43.1[1] |
| (ao) | -191.17[1] | -134.03[1] | 143.9[1] | – |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (l):Liquid, (g):Gas, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution
References
List of references
- 1Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- ^ ΔfH°, -415.1 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -468.6 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -268.5 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 164.0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1326.3 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -2211.7 kJ · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 464. J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -285.830 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -237.129 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 69.91 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 75.291 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -241.818 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -228.572 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 188.825 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 33.577 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -529.7 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -447.2 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 88. J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -513.8 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -360.2 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, -150.2 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 50.63 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 149.34 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 121.21 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 98.87 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 95.40 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 159.35 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 238.47 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 49.58 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 34.31 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 128.1 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 138. J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -187.78 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -120.35 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 109.6 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 89.1 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -136.31 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -105.57 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 232.7 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 43.1 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -191.17 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -134.03 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 143.9 J · K−1 · mol−1