9MnSO4 🔥⚡→ 3Mn3O4 + 9SO2↑ + 2O3↑
Last updated:
- Molten salt electrolysis of manganese(II) sulfate
Molten salt electrolysis of manganese(II) sulfate yields manganese(II,III) oxide, sulfur dioxide, and (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:
Table of contents
Reaction data
Chemical equation
- Molten salt electrolysis of manganese(II) sulfate
General equation
- Molten salt electrolysis
- SaltSelf redox agent🔥⚡⟶ ProductOxidation product + ProductReduction product
Oxidation state of each atom
- Molten salt electrolysis of manganese(II) sulfate
Reactants
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MnSO4 | Manganese(II) sulfate | 9 | Self redox agent | Salt |
Products
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mn3O4 | Manganese(II,III) oxide | 3 | Oxidized | – |
| SO2 | Sulfur dioxide | 9 | Reduced | – |
| 2 | Oxidized | – |
Thermodynamic changes
Changes in standard condition
- Molten salt electrolysis of manganese(II) sulfate◆
ΔrG 2391.3 kJ/mol K 0.12 × 10−418 pK 418.94
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | 3037.8 | 2391.3 | 2169.7 | −48.29 |
per 1 mol of | 337.53 | 265.70 | 241.08 | −5.366 |
per 1 mol of | 1012.6 | 797.10 | 723.23 | −16.10 |
per 1 mol of | 337.53 | 265.70 | 241.08 | −5.366 |
| 1518.9 | 1195.7 | 1084.8 | −24.14 |
Changes in aqueous solution (1)
- Molten salt electrolysis of manganese(II) sulfate◆
ΔrG 2646.4 kJ/mol K 0.23 × 10−463 pK 463.63
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | 3493.6 | 2646.4 | 2851.0 | – |
per 1 mol of | 388.18 | 294.04 | 316.78 | – |
per 1 mol of | 1164.5 | 882.13 | 950.33 | – |
per 1 mol of | 388.18 | 294.04 | 316.78 | – |
| 1746.8 | 1323.2 | 1425.5 | – |
Changes in aqueous solution (2)
- Molten salt electrolysis of manganese(II) sulfate◆
ΔrG 2668.2 kJ/mol K 0.36 × 10−467 pK 467.45
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | 3460.0 | 2668.2 | 2665 | – |
per 1 mol of | 384.44 | 296.47 | 296.1 | – |
per 1 mol of | 1153.3 | 889.40 | 888.3 | – |
per 1 mol of | 384.44 | 296.47 | 296.1 | – |
| 1730.0 | 1334.1 | 1333 | – |
Changes in aqueous solution (3)
- Molten salt electrolysis of manganese(II) sulfate◆
ΔrG 2642.0 kJ/mol K 0.14 × 10−462 pK 462.86
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | 3258.3 | 2642.0 | 2074.2 | – |
per 1 mol of | 362.03 | 293.56 | 230.47 | – |
per 1 mol of | 1086.1 | 880.67 | 691.40 | – |
per 1 mol of | 362.03 | 293.56 | 230.47 | – |
| 1629.2 | 1321.0 | 1037.1 | – |
Changes in aqueous solution (4)
- Molten salt electrolysis of manganese(II) sulfate◆
ΔrG 2663.8 kJ/mol K 0.21 × 10−466 pK 466.68
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | 3224.7 | 2663.8 | 1888 | – |
per 1 mol of | 358.30 | 295.98 | 209.8 | – |
per 1 mol of | 1074.9 | 887.93 | 629.3 | – |
per 1 mol of | 358.30 | 295.98 | 209.8 | – |
| 1612.3 | 1331.9 | 944.0 | – |
Changes in aqueous solution (5)
- Molten salt electrolysis of manganese(II) sulfate◆
ΔrG 2529.4 kJ/mol K 0.74 × 10−443 pK 443.13
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | 3621.4 | 2529.4 | 3661.0 | 3043 |
per 1 mol of | 402.38 | 281.04 | 406.78 | 338.1 |
per 1 mol of | 1207.1 | 843.13 | 1220.3 | 1014 |
per 1 mol of | 402.38 | 281.04 | 406.78 | 338.1 |
| 1810.7 | 1264.7 | 1830.5 | 1522 |
Changes in aqueous solution (6)
- Molten salt electrolysis of manganese(II) sulfate◆
ΔrG 2551.2 kJ/mol K 0.11 × 10−446 pK 446.95
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | 3587.8 | 2551.2 | 3475 | – |
per 1 mol of | 398.64 | 283.47 | 386.1 | – |
per 1 mol of | 1195.9 | 850.40 | 1158 | – |
per 1 mol of | 398.64 | 283.47 | 386.1 | – |
| 1793.9 | 1275.6 | 1738 | – |
Changes in aqueous solution (7)
- Molten salt electrolysis of manganese(II) sulfate◆
ΔrG 2525.0 kJ/mol K 0.44 × 10−442 pK 442.36
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | 3386.1 | 2525.0 | 2884.2 | – |
per 1 mol of | 376.23 | 280.56 | 320.47 | – |
per 1 mol of | 1128.7 | 841.67 | 961.40 | – |
per 1 mol of | 376.23 | 280.56 | 320.47 | – |
| 1693.0 | 1262.5 | 1442.1 | – |
Changes in aqueous solution (8)
- Molten salt electrolysis of manganese(II) sulfate◆
ΔrG 2546.8 kJ/mol K 0.66 × 10−446 pK 446.18
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | 3352.5 | 2546.8 | 2698 | – |
per 1 mol of | 372.50 | 282.98 | 299.8 | – |
per 1 mol of | 1117.5 | 848.93 | 899.3 | – |
per 1 mol of | 372.50 | 282.98 | 299.8 | – |
| 1676.3 | 1273.4 | 1349 | – |
Changes in aqueous solution (9)
- Molten salt electrolysis of manganese(II) sulfate◆
ΔrG 2646.4 kJ/mol K 0.23 × 10−463 pK 463.63
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | 3493.6 | 2646.4 | 2851.0 | – |
per 1 mol of | 388.18 | 294.04 | 316.78 | – |
per 1 mol of | 1164.5 | 882.13 | 950.33 | – |
per 1 mol of | 388.18 | 294.04 | 316.78 | – |
| 1746.8 | 1323.2 | 1425.5 | – |
Changes in aqueous solution (10)
- Molten salt electrolysis of manganese(II) sulfate◆
ΔrG 2668.2 kJ/mol K 0.36 × 10−467 pK 467.45
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | 3460.0 | 2668.2 | 2665 | – |
per 1 mol of | 384.44 | 296.47 | 296.1 | – |
per 1 mol of | 1153.3 | 889.40 | 888.3 | – |
per 1 mol of | 384.44 | 296.47 | 296.1 | – |
| 1730.0 | 1334.1 | 1333 | – |
Changes in aqueous solution (11)
- Molten salt electrolysis of manganese(II) sulfate◆
ΔrG 2642.0 kJ/mol K 0.14 × 10−462 pK 462.86
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | 3258.3 | 2642.0 | 2074.2 | – |
per 1 mol of | 362.03 | 293.56 | 230.47 | – |
per 1 mol of | 1086.1 | 880.67 | 691.40 | – |
per 1 mol of | 362.03 | 293.56 | 230.47 | – |
| 1629.2 | 1321.0 | 1037.1 | – |
Changes in aqueous solution (12)
- Molten salt electrolysis of manganese(II) sulfate◆
ΔrG 2663.8 kJ/mol K 0.21 × 10−466 pK 466.68
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | 3224.7 | 2663.8 | 1888 | – |
per 1 mol of | 358.30 | 295.98 | 209.8 | – |
per 1 mol of | 1074.9 | 887.93 | 629.3 | – |
per 1 mol of | 358.30 | 295.98 | 209.8 | – |
| 1612.3 | 1331.9 | 944.0 | – |
Thermodynamic data of reactants
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MnSO4 (cr) | -1065.25[1] | -957.36[1] | 112.1[1] | 100.50[1] |
| MnSO4 (ai) | -1130.1[1] | -972.7[1] | -53.6[1] | -243[1] |
| MnSO4 (ao) | -1115.9[1] | -985.7[1] | 36.4[1] | – |
| MnSO4 (cr) 1 hydrate α | -1376.5[1] | – | – | – |
| MnSO4 (cr) 1 hydrate β | -1348.1[1] | – | – | – |
| MnSO4 (cr) 4 hydrate | -2258.1[1] | – | – | – |
| MnSO4 (cr) 5 hydrate | -2553.1[1] | – | – | 326[1] |
| MnSO4 (cr) 7 hydrate | -3139.3[1] | – | – | – |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution
Thermodynamic data of products
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mn3O4 (cr) | -1387.8[1] | -1283.2[1] | 155.6[1] | 139.66[1] |
| SO2 (l) | -320.5[1] | – | – | – |
| SO2 (g) | -296.830[1] | -300.194[1] | 248.22[1] | 39.87[1] |
| SO2 (ao) | -322.980[1] | -300.676[1] | 161.9[1] | – |
| (g) | 142.7[1] | 163.2[1] | 238.93[1] | 39.20[1] |
| (ao) | 125.9[1] | 174.1[1] | 146[1] | – |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (l):Liquid, (g):Gas, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution
References
List of references
- 1Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- ^ ΔfH°, -1065.25 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -957.36 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 112.1 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 100.50 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1130.1 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -972.7 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, -53.6 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, -243. J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1115.9 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -985.7 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 36.4 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1376.5 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1348.1 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -2258.1 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -2553.1 kJ · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 326. J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -3139.3 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1387.8 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -1283.2 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 155.6 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 139.66 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -320.5 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -296.830 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -300.194 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 248.22 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 39.87 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -322.980 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -300.676 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 161.9 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 142.7 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 163.2 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 238.93 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 39.20 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 125.9 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 174.1 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 146. J · K−1 · mol−1