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1-Chlorodecane

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Skeletal structure of 1-chlorodecane with terminal carbon

1-Chlorodecane is an organic compound with formula C10H21Cl.

Table of contents
  1. 1Names
  2. 2Formulae and structures
  3. 3Properties
  4. 4Constituents
  5. 5Thermodynamic properties
  6. 6Solubility
  7. 7Preparations
  8. 8Chemical reactions
  9. 9References
  10. 10Related substances
  11. 11Related categories
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Names

List of substance names

Nomenclature
Name
Typical name
1-Chlorodecane
Substitutive nomenclature
1-Chlorodecane
★Preferred IUPAC name
Functional class nomenclature
Decyl chloride
Other names
1-Decyl chloride
n-Decyl chloride

Formulae and structures

List of formulae

Formula name
Formula
Typical formula
C10H21Cl
Molecular formula
C10H21Cl
Empirical formula
C10H21Cl
Condensed formula
CH3(CH2)8CH2Cl
Structural formula
Chemical structure of 1-chlorodecane
Structural formula with no C–H bond
Chemical structure of 1-chlorodecane with no C-H bond
Skeletal formula
Skeletal structure of 1-chlorodecane
Skeletal formula with terminal carbon
Skeletal structure of 1-chlorodecane with terminal carbon
Lewis structure
Lewis structure of 1-chlorodecane
Colored Lewis structure
Colored Lewis structure of 1-chlorodecane

Properties

List of substance properties

Item
Value
Name
1-Chlorodecane
Formula
C10H21Cl
Appearance
Colorless liquid
Odor
–
Molar mass
176.73 g/mol
Density
0.868 g/cm3[1]
Liquid
Melting point
−34 °C[1]
Boiling point
223 °C[1]
Flash point
83 °C
Refractive index
1.4362[1]
20°C

Constituents

Constituent atoms

AtomNameOxidation stateNumber
CCarbon−31
CCarbon−28
CCarbon−11
HHydrogen+121
ClChlorine−11

Ratio of atoms

AtomAtomic weightNumberAtomic ratioWeight ratio
C12.0111031.25%67.96%
H1.0082165.63%11.98%
Cl35.4513.13%20.06%
CHClAtomic ratio
CHClWeight ratio

Thermodynamic properties

Phase transition properties

Item
Value
Enthalpy of fusion
–
Enthalpy of vaporization
–
Enthalpy of vaporization at 25°C
–
Enthalpy of other transition
–

Solubility

Qualitative solubility

Reactive
Miscible
Very soluble
Soluble
Slightly soluble
Very slightly soluble
Insoluble
H2O[1]Water

Preparations

Reaction of hydrocarbon and halogen

The reaction of decane and chlorine yields 1-Chlorodecane and hydrogen chloride.

Reaction of decane and chlorine
C10H22Decane + Cl2Chlorine
⟶
C10H21Cl1-Chlorodecane + HClHydrogen chloride

Reaction of alcohol, halogenide ion, and hydrogen ion

The reaction of 1-Decanol, chloride ion, and hydrogen ion yields 1-Chlorodecane and water.

Reaction of 1-Decanol, chloride ion, and hydrogen ion
C10H21OH1-Decanol + Cl−Chloride ion + H+Hydrogen ion
⟶
C10H21Cl1-Chlorodecane + H2OWater

Chemical reactions

Reaction with hydroxide ion

The reaction of 1-Chlorodecane and hydroxide ion yields 1-Decanol and chloride ion.

Reaction of 1-Chlorodecane and hydroxide ion
C10H21Cl1-Chlorodecane + OH−Hydroxide ion
⟶
C10H21OH1-Decanol + Cl−Chloride ion

References

List of references

  1. 1
    James G. Speight (2017)
    Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, 17th edition
    McGraw Hill Education
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