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1-Nonene

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Skeletal structure of 1-nonene with terminal carbon

1-Nonene is an organic compound with formula C9H18.

Table of contents
  1. 1Names
  2. 2Formulae and structures
  3. 3Properties
  4. 4Constituents
  5. 5Thermodynamic properties
  6. 6Solubility
  7. 7Hazards
  8. 8Preparations
  9. 9Chemical reactions
  10. 10References
  11. 11Related substances
  12. 12Related categories
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Names

List of substance names

Nomenclature
Name
Typical name
1-Nonene
Substitutive nomenclature
Non-1-ene
★Preferred IUPAC name
1-Nonene
Other names
n-Nonene
Nonylene
n-Nonylene
1-Nonylene
α-Nonylene
1-n-Nonylene
α-n-Nonylene
Heptyl ethylene

Formulae and structures

List of formulae

Formula name
Formula
Typical formula
C9H18
Molecular formula
C9H18
Empirical formula
CH2
Condensed formula
CH3(CH2)6CH=CH2
Structural formula
Chemical structure of 1-nonene
Structural formula with no C–H bond
Chemical structure of 1-nonene with no C-H bond
Skeletal formula
Skeletal structure of 1-nonene
Skeletal formula with terminal carbon
Skeletal structure of 1-nonene with terminal carbon
Lewis structure
Lewis structure of 1-nonene
Colored Lewis structure
Colored Lewis structure of 1-nonene

Properties

List of substance properties

Item
Value
Name
1-Nonene
Formula
C9H18
Appearance
Colorless liquid
Odor
Gasoline like odor[1]
Molar mass
126.243 g/mol
Density
0.7253 g/cm3[2]
Liquid, 25°C
Melting point
−81.24 °C[2]
Boiling point
146.9 °C[2]
Refractive index
1.4257[2]
20°C

Constituents

Constituent atoms

AtomNameOxidation stateNumber
CCarbon−31
CCarbon−27
CCarbon−11
HHydrogen+118

Ratio of atoms

AtomAtomic weightNumberAtomic ratioWeight ratio
C12.011933.33%85.63%
H1.0081866.67%14.37%
CHAtomic ratio
CHWeight ratio

Thermodynamic properties

Phase transition properties

Item
Value
Enthalpy of fusion
–
Enthalpy of vaporization
–
Enthalpy of vaporization at 25°C
–
Enthalpy of other transition
–

Standard thermodynamic properties

State
Standard enthalpy
of formation
ΔfH°
kJ · mol−1		Standard Gibbs
energy of
formation
ΔfG°
kJ · mol−1		Standard
molar entropy
S°
J · K−1 · mol−1		Standard molar
heat capacity at
constant pressure
Cp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Gas−103.5[3]112.7[3]501.5[3]201.0[3]

Solubility

Qualitative solubility

Reactive
Miscible
Very soluble
Soluble
Slightly soluble
Very slightly soluble
Insoluble

Hazards

GHS label[4]

Item
Value
Hazard pictograms
GHS02: Flame
GHS02: Flame
GHS07: Exclamation mark
GHS07: Exclamation mark
GHS08: Health hazard
GHS08: Health hazard
Signal word
Danger
Hazard statements
H226: Flammable liquid and vapor
H336: May cause drowsiness or dizziness
H304: May be fatal if swallowed and enters airways

Physical hazards[4]

ClassificationCategoryLabelHazard statement
ExplosivesNot applicable
Flammable gasesNot applicable
AerosolsNot applicable
Oxidizing gasesNot applicable
Gases under pressureNot applicable
Flammable liquidsCategory 3
GHS02: Flame
Warning
H226: Flammable liquid and vapor
Flammable solidsNot applicable
Self reactive substances and mixturesNot applicable
Pyrophoric liquidsNot classified
Pyrophoric solidsNot applicable
Self heating substances and mixturesClassification not possible
Substances and mixtures which in contact with water emit flammable gasesNot applicable
Oxidizing liquidsNot applicable
Oxidizing solidsNot applicable
Organic peroxidesNot applicable
Substances and mixtures corrosive to metalsClassification not possible
Desensitized explosivesNo data

Health hazards[4]

ClassificationCategoryLabelHazard statement
Acute oral toxicityNot classified
Acute dermal toxicityNot classified
Acute inhalation toxicity by gasNot applicable
Acute inhalation toxicity by vaporClassification not possible
Acute inhalation toxicity by dust or mistClassification not possible
Skin corrosion irritationNot classified
Serious eye damage eye irritationNot classified
Respiratory sensitizationClassification not possible
Skin sensitizationClassification not possible
Germ cell mutagenicityNot classified
CarcinogenicityClassification not possible
Reproductive toxicityClassification not possible
Specific target organ toxicity single exposureCategory 3
(Narcotic effects)
GHS07: Exclamation mark
Warning
H336: May cause drowsiness or dizziness
Specific target organ toxicity repeated exposureClassification not possible
Aspiration hazardCategory 1
GHS08: Health hazard
Danger
H304: May be fatal if swallowed and enters airways

Environmental hazards[4]

ClassificationCategoryLabelHazard statement
Hazardous to the aquatic environment short termClassification not possible
Hazardous to the aquatic environment long termClassification not possible
Hazardous to the ozone layerClassification not possible

Preparations

Dehydration of alcohol

The reaction of 1-Nonanol yields 1-Nonene and water.

Dehydration of 1-Nonanol
C9H19OH1-Nonanol
H2SO4, 🔥
⟶
C9H181-Nonene + H2OWater

Chemical reactions

Complete combustion of 1-Nonene

Complete combustion of 1-Nonene yields carbon dioxide and water.

Complete combustion of 1-Nonene
2C9H181-Nonene + 27O2Oxygen
⟶
18CO2Carbon dioxide + 18H2OWater

Incomplete combustion of 1-Nonene

Incomplete combustion of 1-Nonene yields carbon monoxide and water.

Incomplete combustion of 1-Nonene
C9H181-Nonene + 9O2Oxygen
⟶
9COCarbon monoxide + 9H2OWater
Incomplete combustion of 1-Nonene
2C9H181-Nonene + 9O2Oxygen
⟶
18CCarbon + 18H2OWater

Reaction with hydrogen

The reaction of 1-Nonene and hydrogen yields nonane.

Reaction of 1-Nonene and hydrogen
C9H181-Nonene + H2Hydrogen
Ni|Pd|Pt
⟶
C9H20Nonane

References

List of references

  1. 1
    Office of Response and Restoration
    CAMEO Chemicals
    National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
    • 2
      John R. Rumble Jr, David R. Lide, Thomas J. Bruno (2019)
      CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 100th Edition
      CRC Press
    • 3
      James G. Speight (2017)
      Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, 17th edition
      McGraw Hill Education
    • 4
      Chemical Management Center
      GHS Classification Results
      National Institute of Technology and Evaluation
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