Cadmium sulfate
Cadmium sulfate is an inorganic compound with formula CdSO4.
- 1Names
- 2Formulae and structures
- 3Properties
- 4Constituents
- 5Thermodynamic properties
- 6Solubility
- 7Hazards
- 8Preparations
- 9Chemical reactions
- 10References
- 11Related substances
- 12Related categories
Names
List of substance names
- Typical name
- Cadmium sulfate
- Compositional nomenclature
- Cadmium sulfate
- Additive nomenclature
- Cadmium tetraoxidosulfate(2−)
Formulae and structures
List of formulae
- Typical formula
- CdSO4
- Compositional formula
- CdSO4
- Structural formula
- Other structural formulas
- Lewis structure
- Colored Lewis structure
Properties
List of substance properties
Constituents
Constituent ions
| Ion | Name | Charge number | Number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cd2+ | Cadmium ion | 2 | 1 |
| SO42− | Sulfate ion | -2 | 1 |
Constituent atoms
| Atom | Name | Oxidation state | Number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cd | Cadmium | +2 | 1 |
| S | Sulfur | +6 | 1 |
| O | Oxygen | −2 | 4 |
Ratio of atoms
| Atom | Atomic weight | Number | Atomic ratio | Weight ratio |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cd | 112.414 | 1 | 16.67% | 53.92% |
| S | 32.06 | 1 | 16.67% | 15.38% |
| O | 15.999 | 4 | 66.67% | 30.70% |
Thermodynamic properties
Phase transition properties
- Enthalpy of fusion
- –
- Enthalpy of vaporization
- –
- Enthalpy of vaporization at 25°C
- –
- Enthalpy of other transition
- –
Standard thermodynamic properties
State | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Crystalline solid | −933.28[3] | −822.72[3] | 123.039[3] | 99.58[3] |
| Ionized aqueous solution | −985.16[3] | −822.13[3] | −53.1[3] | – |
| Crystalline solid 1 hydrate | −1239.55[3] | −1068.73[3] | 154.030[3] | 134.56[3] |
| Crystalline solid 8/3 hydrate | −1729.4[3] | −1465.141[3] | 229.630[3] | 213.26[3] |
Solubility
Qualitative solubility
Solubility in water (g/100 g)[2]
| 0°C | 10°C | 20°C | 40°C | 60°C | 80°C | 90°C | 100°C |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 75.4 | 76 | 76.6 | 78.5 | 81.8 | 66.7 | 63.1 | 60.8 |
Solubility in water (g/100 g)[4]
| -18°C | -10°C | 0°C | 10°C | 20°C | 40°C | 60°C | 73.5°C | 74.5°C | 77°C | 85°C | 90°C | 100°C |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 76.52 | 76.28 | 76.48 | 76 | 76.6 | 78.54 | 83.68 | 87.28 | 87.62 | 73.02 | 65.57 | 63.13 | 60.77 |
Solubility in formic acid (g/100 g, 95%)[4]
| 18.5°C |
|---|
| 0.06 |
Solubility curve (g/100 g)
Hazards
GHS label[5]
- Hazard pictograms
- Signal word
- Danger
- Hazard statements
- H302: Harmful if swallowed
- H315: Causes skin irritation
- H319: Causes serious eye irritation
- H340: May cause genetic defects
- H350: May cause cancer
- H361: Suspected of damaging fertility or the unborn child
- H370: Causes damage to organs
- H370: Causes damage to respiratory system
- H370: Causes damage to digestive system
- H372: Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure
- H372: Causes damage to respiratory system through prolonged or repeated exposure
- H372: Causes damage to kidney through prolonged or repeated exposure
- H372: Causes damage to bone through prolonged or repeated exposure
- H400: Very toxic to aquatic life
- H410: Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects
Physical hazards[5]
Health hazards[5]
Environmental hazards[5]
Preparations
Reaction of acid and base
The reaction of sulfuric acid and cadmium hydroxide yields cadmium sulfate and water.
Reaction of base and acidic oxide
The reaction of cadmium hydroxide and sulfur trioxide yields cadmium sulfate and water.
Reaction of basic oxide and acid
The reaction of cadmium oxide and sulfuric acid yields cadmium sulfate and water.
Reaction of basic oxide and acidic oxide
The reaction of cadmium oxide and sulfur trioxide yields cadmium sulfate.
Reaction of salt of weak acid and strong acid
The reaction of salt of weak acid and strong acid can yield cadmium sulfate.
Reaction of active metal and acid
The reaction of and sulfuric acid yields cadmium sulfate and .
Reaction of active metal, acidic oxide, and water
The reaction of , sulfur trioxide, and water yields cadmium sulfate and .
Chemical reactions
Electrolytic dissociation
Electrolytic dissociation of cadmium sulfate yields cadmium ion and sulfate ion.
Reaction with strong base
The reaction of cadmium sulfate and strong base yields salt of strong base and cadmium hydroxide.
Reaction with reducing species
The reaction of reducing species and cadmium sulfate yields a variety of products.
Reaction with oxidizable species
The reaction of oxidizable species and cadmium sulfate yields a variety of products.
Precipitation reaction
When a certain chemical species is present in aqueous solution, it reacts with cadmium sulfate to form a precipitate.
Decomposition
Decomposition of cadmium sulfate yields cadmium oxide and sulfur trioxide.
Electrolysis of aqueous solution
Electrolysis of aqueous cadmium sulfate yields a variety of products.
Molten salt electrolysis
Molten salt electrolysis of cadmium sulfate yields a variety of products.
References
List of references
- 1John R. Rumble Jr, David R. Lide, Thomas J. Bruno (2019)CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 100th EditionCRC Press
- ^ Density, 4.69 g/cm3 - p.4-43
- ^ Melting point, 1000 °C - p.4-43
- 2James G. Speight (2017)Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, 17th editionMcGraw Hill Education
- 3Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- ^ ΔfH°, -933.28 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -822.72 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 123.039 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 99.58 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -985.16 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -822.13 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, -53.1 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1239.55 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -1068.73 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 154.030 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 134.56 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1729.4 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -1465.141 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 229.630 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 213.26 J · K−1 · mol−1
- 4Atherton Seidell (1919)Solubilities of Inorganic and Organic Compounds: A Compilation of Quantitative Solubility Data From the Periodical LiteratureD. Van Nostrand Company
- 5Chemical Management CenterGHS Classification ResultsNational Institute of Technology and Evaluation
