Calcium hypochlorite
Calcium hypochlorite is an inorganic compound with formula Ca(ClO)2.
- 1Names
- 2Formulae and structures
- 3Properties
- 4Constituents
- 5Thermodynamic properties
- 6Solubility
- 7Hazards
- 8Preparations
- 9Chemical reactions
- 10References
- 11Related substances
- 12Related categories
Names
List of substance names
- Typical name
- Calcium hypochlorite
- Compositional nomenclature
- Calcium hypochlorite
- Additive nomenclature
- Calcium chloridooxygenate(1−)
- Other names
- Bleaching powder
Formulae and structures
List of formulae
- Typical formula
- Ca(ClO)2
- Compositional formula
- Ca(ClO)2
- Structural formula
- Lewis structure
- Colored Lewis structure
Properties
List of substance properties
Constituents
Constituent ions
| Ion | Name | Charge number | Number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ca2+ | Calcium ion | 2 | 1 |
| ClO− | Hypochlorite ion | -1 | 2 |
Constituent atoms
| Atom | Name | Oxidation state | Number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ca | Calcium | +2 | 1 |
| Cl | Chlorine | +1 | 2 |
| O | Oxygen | −2 | 2 |
Ratio of atoms
| Atom | Atomic weight | Number | Atomic ratio | Weight ratio |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ca | 40.078 | 1 | 20.00% | 28.03% |
| Cl | 35.45 | 2 | 40.00% | 49.59% |
| O | 15.999 | 2 | 40.00% | 22.38% |
Thermodynamic properties
Phase transition properties
- Enthalpy of fusion
- –
- Enthalpy of vaporization
- –
- Enthalpy of vaporization at 25°C
- –
- Enthalpy of other transition
- –
Standard thermodynamic properties
State | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aqueous solution | −754.4[3] | – | – | – |
Solubility
Qualitative solubility
Hazards
GHS label[4]
- Hazard pictograms
- Signal word
- Danger
- Hazard statements
- H272: May intensify fire oxidizer
- H302: Harmful if swallowed
- H314: Causes severe skin burns and eye damage
- H318: Causes serious eye damage
- H317: May cause an allergic skin reaction
- H371: May cause damage to organs
- H371: May cause damage to central nervous system
- H400: Very toxic to aquatic life
- H410: Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects
Physical hazards[4]
Health hazards[4]
Environmental hazards[4]
Preparations
Reaction of acid and base
The reaction of hypochlorous acid and calcium hydroxide yields calcium hypochlorite and water.
Reaction of base and acidic oxide
The reaction of calcium hydroxide and dichlorine monoxide yields calcium hypochlorite and water.
Reaction of basic oxide and acid
The reaction of calcium oxide and hypochlorous acid yields calcium hypochlorite and water.
Reaction of basic oxide and acidic oxide
The reaction of calcium oxide and dichlorine monoxide yields calcium hypochlorite.
Reaction of nonmetal and hydroxide base
The reaction of and calcium hydroxide yields calcium hypochlorite, calcium chloride, and water.
Decomposition
Decomposition of thermally decomposable substance can yield calcium hypochlorite.
Comproportionation
The reaction of sodium chloride and calcium perchlorate can yield calcium hypochlorite.
Chemical reactions
Electrolytic dissociation
Electrolytic dissociation of calcium hypochlorite yields calcium ion and hypochlorite ion.
Reaction with strong acid
The reaction of calcium hypochlorite and strong acid yields salt of strong acid and hypochlorous acid.
Reaction with nonvolatile acid
The reaction of calcium hypochlorite and nonvolatile acid yields salt of non volatile acid and hypochlorous acid.
Reaction with water
The reaction of calcium hypochlorite and water yields a variety of products.
Reaction with acid
The reaction of calcium hypochlorite and acid yields a variety of products.
Reaction with base
The reaction of calcium hypochlorite and base yields a variety of products.
Reaction with reducing species
The reaction of reducing species and calcium hypochlorite yields a variety of products.
Reaction with oxidizable species
The reaction of oxidizable species and calcium hypochlorite yields a variety of products.
Reaction with oxidizable species under acidic condition
The reaction of oxidizable species, calcium hypochlorite, and hydrogen ion yields a variety of products.
Reaction with oxidizable species under neutral condition
The reaction of oxidizable species, calcium hypochlorite, and water yields a variety of products.
Reaction with oxidizing species
The reaction of calcium hypochlorite and oxidizing species yields a variety of products.
Reaction with hardly oxidizable species
The reaction of hardly oxidizable species and calcium hypochlorite yields a variety of products.
Reaction with hardly oxidizable species under acidic condition
The reaction of hardly oxidizable species, calcium hypochlorite, and hydrogen ion yields a variety of products.
Reaction with oxidizing species under neutral condition
The reaction of calcium hypochlorite, oxidizing species, and water yields a variety of products.
Reaction with hardly oxidizable species under neutral condition
The reaction of , calcium hypochlorite, and water yields gold(III) hydroxide and calcium chloride.
Precipitation reaction
When a certain chemical species is present in aqueous solution, it reacts with calcium hypochlorite to form a precipitate.
Decomposition
Decomposition of calcium hypochlorite yields calcium oxide and dichlorine monoxide.
Electrolysis of aqueous solution
Electrolysis of aqueous calcium hypochlorite yields a variety of products.
Molten salt electrolysis
Molten salt electrolysis of calcium hypochlorite yields a variety of products.
References
List of references
- 1James G. Speight (2017)Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, 17th editionMcGraw Hill Education
- 2John R. Rumble Jr, David R. Lide, Thomas J. Bruno (2019)CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 100th EditionCRC Press
- ^ Density, 2.350 g/cm3 - p.4-43
- ^ Melting point, 100 °C - p.4-43
- 3Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- 4Chemical Management CenterGHS Classification ResultsNational Institute of Technology and Evaluation
