Gold(III) chloride
Gold(III) chloride is an inorganic compound with formula AuCl3.
- 1Names
- 2Formulae and structures
- 3Properties
- 4Constituents
- 5Thermodynamic properties
- 6Solubility
- 7Hazards
- 8Preparations
- 9Chemical reactions
- 10References
- 11Related substances
- 12Related categories
Names
List of substance names
- Typical name
- Gold(III) chloride
- Compositional nomenclature
- Gold(III) chloride
- Gold trichloride
- Other names
- Auric chloride
Formulae and structures
List of formulae
- Typical formula
- AuCl3
- Compositional formula
- AuCl3
- Structural formula
- Lewis structure
- Colored Lewis structure
- Other structural formulas
Dimer
Properties
List of substance properties
Constituents
Constituent ions
| Ion | Name | Charge number | Number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Au3+ | Gold(III) ion | 3 | 1 |
| Cl− | Chloride ion | -1 | 3 |
Constituent atoms
| Atom | Name | Oxidation state | Number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Au | Gold | +3 | 1 |
| Cl | Chlorine | −1 | 3 |
Ratio of atoms
| Atom | Atomic weight | Number | Atomic ratio | Weight ratio |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Au | 196.966569 | 1 | 25.00% | 64.94% |
| Cl | 35.45 | 3 | 75.00% | 35.06% |
Thermodynamic properties
Phase transition properties
- Enthalpy of fusion
- –
- Enthalpy of vaporization
- –
- Enthalpy of vaporization at 25°C
- –
- Enthalpy of other transition
- –
Standard thermodynamic properties
Solubility
Qualitative solubility
Solubility in water (g/100 mL)[1]
| 20°C |
|---|
| 68 |
Solubility in water (g/100 g)[3]
| 20°C |
|---|
| 68 |
Solubility curve (g/100 mL)
Solubility curve (g/100 g)
Hazards
GHS label[4]
- Hazard pictograms
- Signal word
- Danger
Physical hazards[4]
Health hazards[4]
Environmental hazards[4]
| Classification | Category | Label | Hazard statement |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hazardous to the aquatic environment short term | Classification not possible | ||
| Hazardous to the aquatic environment long term | Classification not possible | ||
| Hazardous to the ozone layer | No data |
Preparations
Reaction of metal and nonmetal
The reaction of and yields gold(III) chloride.
Reaction of acid and base
The reaction of acid and base can yield gold(III) chloride.
Reaction of basic oxide and acid
The reaction of basic oxide and acid can yield gold(III) chloride.
Electrolytic dissociation
Electrolytic dissociation of tetrachloridoaurate(III) ion yields gold(III) chloride and chloride ion.
Decomposition
Decomposition of thermally decomposable substance can yield gold(III) chloride.
Reaction of inactive metal and aqua regia
The reaction of , nitric acid, and hydrogen chloride can yield gold(III) chloride.
Chemical reactions
Electrolytic dissociation
Electrolytic dissociation of gold(III) chloride yields gold(III) ion and chloride ion.
Reaction with strong base
The reaction of gold(III) chloride and strong base yields salt of strong base and gold(III) hydroxide.
Reaction with anion
The reaction of gold(III) chloride and chloride ion yields tetrachloridoaurate(III) ion.
Reaction with reducing species
The reaction of reducing species and gold(III) chloride yields a variety of products.
Reaction with oxidizable species
The reaction of oxidizable species and gold(III) chloride yields a variety of products.
Reaction with oxidizable species under neutral condition
The reaction of oxidizable species, gold(III) chloride, and water yields a variety of products.
Reaction with oxidizing species
The reaction of gold(III) chloride and oxidizing species yields a variety of products.
Reaction with oxidizing species under acidic condition
The reaction of gold(III) chloride, oxidizing species, and hydrogen ion yields a variety of products.
Reaction with oxidizing species under neutral condition
The reaction of gold(III) chloride, oxidizing species, and water yields a variety of products.
Precipitation reaction
When a certain chemical species is present in aqueous solution, it reacts with gold(III) chloride to form a precipitate.
Electrolysis of aqueous solution
Electrolysis of aqueous gold(III) chloride yields a variety of products.
Decomposition
Decomposition of gold(III) chloride yields and .
References
List of references
- 1James G. Speight (2017)Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, 17th editionMcGraw Hill Education
- 2Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- 3Atherton Seidell (1919)Solubilities of Inorganic and Organic Compounds: A Compilation of Quantitative Solubility Data From the Periodical LiteratureD. Van Nostrand Company
- 4Chemical Management CenterGHS Classification ResultsNational Institute of Technology and Evaluation
