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Sodium chlorite

Chemical structure of sodium chlorite

Sodium chlorite is an inorganic compound with formula NaClO2.

Table of contents
  1. 1Names
  2. 2Formulae and structures
  3. 3Properties
  4. 4Constituents
  5. 5Thermodynamic properties
  6. 6Solubility
  7. 7Hazards
  8. 8Preparations
  9. 9Chemical reactions
  10. 10References
  11. 11Related substances
  12. 12Related categories

Names

List of substance names

Nomenclature
Name
Typical name
Sodium chlorite
Compositional nomenclature
Sodium chlorite
Additive nomenclature
Sodium dioxidochlorate(1−)

Formulae and structures

List of formulae

Formula name
Formula
Typical formula
NaClO2
Compositional formula
NaClO2
Structural formula
Chemical structure of sodium chlorite
Structural formula with no lone pair
Chemical structure of sodium chlorite with no lone pair
Other structural formulas
Chemical structure of sodium chlorite with double bond
Chemical structure of sodium chlorite with double bond and no lone pair
Lewis structure
Lewis structure of sodium chlorite
Colored Lewis structure
Colored Lewis structure of sodium chlorite

Properties

List of substance properties

Item
Value
Name
Sodium chlorite
Formula
NaClO2
Appearance
Colorless solid
Odor
Odorless
Molar mass
90.44 g/mol
Density
Melting point
180–200 °C[1]
Decompose → NaCl, O2
Boiling point

Constituents

Constituent ions

IonNameCharge numberNumber
Na+Sodium ion11
ClO2Chlorite ion-11

Constituent atoms

AtomNameOxidation stateNumber
NaSodium+11
ClChlorine+31
OOxygen−22

Ratio of atoms

AtomAtomic weightNumberAtomic ratioWeight ratio
Na22.990125.00%25.42%
Cl35.45125.00%39.20%
O15.999250.00%35.38%
NaClOAtomic ratio
NaClOWeight ratio

Thermodynamic properties

Phase transition properties

Item
Value
Enthalpy of fusion
Enthalpy of vaporization
Enthalpy of vaporization at 25°C
Enthalpy of other transition

Standard thermodynamic properties

State
Standard enthalpy
of formation
ΔfH°
kJ · mol−1
Standard Gibbs
energy of
formation
ΔfG°
kJ · mol−1
Standard
molar entropy
S°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Standard molar
heat capacity at
constant pressure
Cp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Crystalline solid−307.02[2]
Ionized aqueous solution−306.7[2]−244.7[2]160.2[2]
Crystalline solid
3 hydrate
−1192.77[2]

Solubility

Qualitative solubility

Reactive
Miscible
Very soluble
Soluble
Slightly soluble
Very slightly soluble
Insoluble

Solubility in water (g/100 mL)[1]

17°C
34

Solubility curve (g/100 mL)

0°C20°C40°C60°C80°C100°CTemperature (°C)010203040Solubility (g/100 mL)

Hazards

GHS label[3]

Physical hazards[3]

Health hazards[3]

Environmental hazards[3]

Preparations

Reaction of acid and base

The reaction of chlorous acid and sodium hydroxide yields sodium chlorite and water.

Reaction of basic oxide and acid

The reaction of sodium oxide and chlorous acid yields sodium chlorite and water.

Reaction of nonmetal and hydroxide base

The reaction of chlorine and sodium hydroxide yields sodium chlorite, sodium chloride, and water.

Decomposition

Decomposition of thermally decomposable substance can yield sodium chlorite.

Chemical reactions

Electrolytic dissociation

Electrolytic dissociation of sodium chlorite yields sodium ion and chlorite ion.

Reaction with strong acid

The reaction of sodium chlorite and strong acid yields salt of strong acid and chlorous acid.

Reaction with reducing species

The reaction of reducing species and sodium chlorite yields a variety of products.

Reaction of sodium and sodium chlorite
ΔrG−1012.4 kJ/mol
K2.32 × 10177
pK−177.36
Reaction of hydrogen and sodium chlorite
ΔrG−657.9 kJ/mol
K1.82 × 10115
pK−115.26

Reaction with oxidizable species

The reaction of oxidizable species and sodium chlorite yields a variety of products.

Reaction with oxidizable species under acidic condition

The reaction of oxidizable species, sodium chlorite, and hydrogen ion yields a variety of products.

Reaction of copper and sodium chlorite under acidic condition
ΔrG−491.7 kJ/mol
K1.39 × 1086
pK−86.14
2CuCopper + NaClO2Sodium chlorite + 4H+Hydrogen ion
2Cu2+Copper(II) ion + NaClSodium chloride + 2H2OWater
Reaction of copper and sodium chlorite under acidic condition
ΔrG−786.5 kJ/mol
K6.15 × 10137
pK−137.79
3CuCopper + 2NaClO2Sodium chlorite + 8H+Hydrogen ion
3Cu2+Copper(II) ion + Cl2Chlorine + 2Na+Sodium ion + 4H2OWater
Reaction of potassium iodide and sodium chlorite under acidic condition
ΔrG−383.6 kJ/mol
K1.60 × 1067
pK−67.20
4KIPotassium iodide + NaClO2Sodium chlorite + 4H+Hydrogen ion
4K+Potassium ion + 2I2Iodine + NaClSodium chloride + 2H2OWater
Reaction of potassium iodide and sodium chlorite under acidic condition
ΔrG−624.2 kJ/mol
K2.27 × 10109
pK−109.36
6KIPotassium iodide + 2NaClO2Sodium chlorite + 8H+Hydrogen ion
6K+Potassium ion + 3I2Iodine + Cl2Chlorine + 2Na+Sodium ion + 4H2OWater

Reaction with oxidizable species under neutral condition

The reaction of oxidizable species, sodium chlorite, and water yields a variety of products.

Reaction of copper and sodium chlorite under neutral condition
ΔrG−500.9 kJ/mol
K5.67 × 1087
pK−87.75
Reaction of copper and sodium chlorite under neutral condition
ΔrG−549.8 kJ/mol
K2.09 × 1096
pK−96.32
Reaction of potassium iodide and sodium chlorite under neutral condition
ΔrG−188.1 kJ/mol
K8.99 × 1032
pK−32.95

Reaction with oxidizing species

The reaction of sodium chlorite and oxidizing species yields a variety of products.

Reaction of sodium chlorite and oxygen
ΔrG−66.7 kJ/mol
K4.85 × 1011
pK−11.69

Reaction with hardly oxidizable species

The reaction of hardly oxidizable species and sodium chlorite yields a variety of products.

Reaction with oxidizing species under acidic condition

The reaction of sodium chlorite, oxidizing species, and hydrogen ion yields a variety of products.

Reaction of sodium chlorite and potassium permanganate under acidic condition
ΔrG−674.8 kJ/mol
K1.66 × 10118
pK−118.22
5NaClO2Sodium chlorite + 4KMnO4Potassium permanganate + 12H+Hydrogen ion
5NaClO4Sodium perchlorate + 4Mn2+Manganese(II) ion + 6H2OWater + 4K+Potassium ion
Reaction of sodium chlorite and potassium permanganate under acidic condition
ΔrG−398.8 kJ/mol
K7.36 × 1069
pK−69.87
5NaClO2Sodium chlorite + 2KMnO4Potassium permanganate + 6H+Hydrogen ion
5NaClO3Sodium chlorate + 2Mn2+Manganese(II) ion + 3H2OWater + 2K+Potassium ion

Reaction with hardly oxidizable species under acidic condition

The reaction of hardly oxidizable species, sodium chlorite, and hydrogen ion yields a variety of products.

Reaction of hydrogen chloride and sodium chlorite under acidic condition
ΔrG−97.8 kJ/mol
K1.36 × 1017
pK−17.13
3HClHydrogen chloride + NaClO2Sodium chlorite + H+Hydrogen ion
2Cl2Chlorine + Na+Sodium ion + 2H2OWater
Reaction of sodium chloride and sodium chlorite under acidic condition
ΔrG−97.8 kJ/mol
K1.36 × 1017
pK−17.13
3NaClSodium chloride + NaClO2Sodium chlorite + 4H+Hydrogen ion
4Na+Sodium ion + 2Cl2Chlorine + 2H2OWater
Reaction of hydrogen chloride and sodium chlorite under acidic condition
ΔrG−25.2 kJ/mol
K2.60 × 104
pK−4.41
Reaction of sodium chloride and sodium chlorite under acidic condition
ΔrG−25.2 kJ/mol
K2.60 × 104
pK−4.41
NaClSodium chloride + NaClO2Sodium chlorite + 2H+Hydrogen ion
🔥
2Na+Sodium ion + Cl2ODichlorine monoxide + H2OWater

Reaction with oxidizing species under neutral condition

The reaction of sodium chlorite, oxidizing species, and water yields a variety of products.

Precipitation reaction

When a certain chemical species is present in aqueous solution, it reacts with sodium chlorite to form a precipitate.

Electrolysis of aqueous solution

Electrolysis of aqueous sodium chlorite yields a variety of products.

Electrolysis of aqueous sodium chlorite with water as non-redox agent
ΔrG−187.2 kJ/mol
K6.25 × 1032
pK−32.80
Electrolysis of aqueous sodium chlorite with water as non-redox agent
ΔrG−300.7 kJ/mol
K4.79 × 1052
pK−52.68
Electrolysis of aqueous sodium chlorite with water as oxidizing agent
ΔrG448.5 kJ/mol
K0.27 × 10−78
pK78.57
Electrolysis of aqueous sodium chlorite with water as oxidizing agent
ΔrG212.0 kJ/mol
K0.72 × 10−37
pK37.14
Electrolysis of water
ΔrG474.258 kJ/mol
K0.82 × 10−83
pK83.09

Decomposition

Decomposition of sodium chlorite yields a variety of products.

References

List of references

  1. 1
    James G. Speight (2017)
    Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, 17th edition
    McGraw Hill Education

  2. 2
    Janiel J. Reed (1989)
    The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI Units
    National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)

  3. 3