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Sodium fluoride

Chemical structure of sodium fluoride

Sodium fluoride is an inorganic compound with formula NaF.

Table of contents
  1. 1Names
  2. 2Formulae and structures
  3. 3Properties
  4. 4Constituents
  5. 5Thermodynamic properties
  6. 6Solubility
  7. 7Hazards
  8. 8Preparations
  9. 9Chemical reactions
  10. 10References
  11. 11Related substances
  12. 12Related categories

Names

List of substance names

Nomenclature
Name
Typical name
Sodium fluoride
Compositional nomenclature
Sodium fluoride

Formulae and structures

List of formulae

Formula name
Formula
Typical formula
NaF
Compositional formula
NaF
Structural formula
Chemical structure of sodium fluoride
Lewis structure
Lewis structure of sodium fluoride
Colored Lewis structure
Colored Lewis structure of sodium fluoride

Properties

List of substance properties

Item
Value
Name
Sodium fluoride
Formula
NaF
Appearance
Colorless solid
Odor
Odorless
Molar mass
41.988 g/mol
Density
2.78 g/cm3[1][2]
Solid
Melting point
996 °C[1][2]
Boiling point
1704 °C[1][2]

Constituents

Constituent ions

IonNameCharge numberNumber
Na+Sodium ion11
FFluoride ion-11

Constituent atoms

AtomNameOxidation stateNumber
NaSodium+11
FFluorine−11

Ratio of atoms

AtomAtomic weightNumberAtomic ratioWeight ratio
Na22.990150.00%54.75%
F18.998150.00%45.25%
NaFAtomic ratio
NaFWeight ratio

Thermodynamic properties

Phase transition properties

Item
Value
Enthalpy of fusion
33.35 kJ · mol−1[1][2]
at 996°C
Enthalpy of vaporization
176.1 kJ · mol−1[1]
at 1704°C
Enthalpy of vaporization at 25°C
284.9 kJ · mol−1[1]
Enthalpy of other transition

Standard thermodynamic properties

State
Standard enthalpy
of formation
ΔfH°
kJ · mol−1
Standard Gibbs
energy of
formation
ΔfG°
kJ · mol−1
Standard
molar entropy
S°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Standard molar
heat capacity at
constant pressure
Cp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Crystalline solid−573.647[3]−543.494[3]51.46[3]46.86[3]
Gas−291.2[3]−310.5[3]217.59[3]34.221[3]
Ionized aqueous solution−572.75[3]−540.68[3]45.2[3]−60.2[3]

Solubility

Qualitative solubility

Reactive
Miscible
Very soluble
Soluble
Slightly soluble
Very slightly soluble
Insoluble

Solubility in water (g/100 g)[1]

0°C20°C30°C40°C60°C80°C100°C
3.664.064.224.44.684.895.08

Solubility curve (g/100 g)

0°C20°C40°C60°C80°C100°CTemperature (°C)0123456Solubility (g/100 g)

Hazards

GHS label[4]

Physical hazards[4]

Health hazards[4]

ClassificationCategoryLabelHazard statement
Acute oral toxicityCategory 3
GHS06: Skull and crossbones
Danger
Acute dermal toxicityClassification not possible
Acute inhalation toxicity by gasNot applicable
Acute inhalation toxicity by vaporNot applicable
Acute inhalation toxicity by dust or mistClassification not possible
Skin corrosion irritationCategory 2
GHS07: Exclamation mark
Warning
Serious eye damage eye irritationCategory 1
GHS05: Corrosion
Danger
Respiratory sensitizationClassification not possible
Skin sensitizationClassification not possible
Germ cell mutagenicityClassification not possible
CarcinogenicityClassification not possible
Reproductive toxicityClassification not possible
Specific target organ toxicity single exposureCategory 1
(Nervous system, Heart, Kidney)
GHS08: Health hazard
Danger
Specific target organ toxicity repeated exposureCategory 1
(Tooth, Bone)
GHS08: Health hazard
Danger
Category 2
(Heart, Liver, Kidney, Male reproductive organs)
GHS08: Health hazard
Warning
Aspiration hazardClassification not possible

Environmental hazards[4]

Preparations

Reaction of metal and nonmetal

The reaction of sodium and fluorine yields sodium fluoride.

Reaction of sodium and fluorine
ΔrG−1086.988 kJ/mol
K2.70 × 10190
pK−190.43

Reaction of acid and base

The reaction of hydrogen fluoride and sodium hydroxide yields sodium fluoride and water.

Reaction of basic oxide and acid

The reaction of sodium oxide and hydrogen fluoride yields sodium fluoride and water.

Reaction of salt of weak base and strong base

The reaction of salt of weak base and strong base can yield sodium fluoride.

Reaction of active metal and acid

The reaction of sodium and hydrogen fluoride yields sodium fluoride and hydrogen.

Reaction of sodium and hydrogen fluoride
ΔrG−540.6 kJ/mol
K5.12 × 1094
pK−94.71

Chemical reactions

Electrolytic dissociation

Electrolytic dissociation of sodium fluoride yields sodium ion and fluoride ion.

Electrolytic dissociation of sodium fluoride
ΔrG2.80 kJ/mol
K0.32 × 100
pK0.49
NaFSodium fluoride
Na+Sodium ion + FFluoride ion

Reaction with strong acid

The reaction of sodium fluoride and strong acid yields salt of strong acid and hydrogen fluoride.

Reaction with nonvolatile acid

The reaction of sodium fluoride and nonvolatile acid yields salt of non volatile acid and hydrogen fluoride.

Precipitation reaction

When a certain chemical species is present in aqueous solution, it reacts with sodium fluoride to form a precipitate.

Electrolysis of aqueous solution

Electrolysis of aqueous sodium fluoride yields a variety of products.

Electrolysis of aqueous sodium fluoride with water as oxidizing agent
ΔrG802.258 kJ/mol
K0.28 × 10−140
pK140.55
Electrolysis of water
ΔrG474.258 kJ/mol
K0.82 × 10−83
pK83.09

Molten salt electrolysis

Molten salt electrolysis of sodium fluoride yields sodium and fluorine.

Molten salt electrolysis of sodium fluoride
ΔrG1086.988 kJ/mol
K0.37 × 10−190
pK190.43

References

List of references

  1. 1
  2. 2
    John R. Rumble Jr, David R. Lide, Thomas J. Bruno (2019)
    CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 100th Edition
    CRC Press

  3. 3
  4. 4